Dissertations/Thesis

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2024
Dissertations
1
  • MARCO TÚLIO SILVA RIBEIRO
  • THE AMAZON AND ITS CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES: mining and peripheral peoples in these scenarios.

  • Advisor : JOSE MENEZES GOMES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • JOSE MENEZES GOMES
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • MARINA SCOTELARO DE CASTRO
  • Data: Jan 25, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • This work highlights the relevance of the Amazonian peoples and their historical and contemporary challenges in the quest to deal with capitalist development, which from the beginning sought to implement the status of subalternity and peripheralization in Latin America, without taking into account the specificities of its people. In addition, we seek to understand how governments organize themselves to deal with the challenges and problems of this subalternity related to mining, impoverishment of populations and contamination of nature. Mainly in this contemporary environmental agenda that demands policies intrinsic to the people of the region and their demands. Finally, it brings the case of the Yanomami peoples as an example of the social problems that different peoples from the region also face in the Amazon.

2
  • ELINE PEREIRA ZACARIAS
  • FROM HEALTH OF WORKERS TO SINGULARITY OF TEACHERS: precariousness and illness in Brazilian public universities

  • Advisor : DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • ISABEL LOPES DOS SANTOS KEPPLER
  • SABRINA ANGELA FRANCA DA SILVA CRUZ
  • Data: Jan 30, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • The analyses developed in this research take as their starting point the centrality of the category of work, through the Marxist tradition, in order to understand its relationship with health from the perspective of capital, revealing that its destructive character is also expressed in the degradation of workers' health. Thus, the evidence of work-related health problems, condensed in the current situation, reflects on the uniqueness of teaching workers who are faced with flexible and precarious working conditions, combined with high productivity demands, causing overload and making them more susceptible to illness. The aim of this study is to analyze the health-disease process of teaching staff, which involves job insecurity, academic productivism and illness at federal public universities in Brazil. From a methodological point of view, this research was guided by historical-dialectical materialism and, in procedural terms, a bibliographical survey and empirical investigation of secondary data were carried out. Having said that, we start by criticizing the concept of work, in its particular form in the capitalist mode of production, which makes it possible to understand the issue of workers' health and to problematize the constitution of the field of workers' health. This investigative path is necessary in order to deepen the discussion on the transformations that have taken place in labor relations in the face of the structural crisis of capital and its consequences (productive restructuring, neoliberalism and financialization) in Brazil, which have reflected on the historical processes of building workers' health care, as well as on the singularity of teachers' health, given the management models implemented in the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES), through commercialized logics, which imply the working conditions of the teachers who work in them. The analyses reveal that teachers are subjected to a variety of workloads that require them to intensify their work activities in order to meet productivity targets and demands, which has caused a great deal of wear and tear on their mental health, which can evolve into more serious conditions such as anxiety, depression, burnout, etc. In view of this, it can be seen that the working conditions of teachers at federal public universities are stressful and have an impact on the illness of these workers, in which degradation occurs not only in the body, but also in the mind.

3
  • MARIA LUCILENE BARBOSA
  • THE PHENOMENON OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEMPORARY BRAZILIAN REALITY: covid-19 pandemic and precarious work
  • Advisor : REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EVERTON MELO DA SILVA
  • MARICELLY COSTA SANTOS
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • Data: Jan 30, 2024


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  • This dissertation, the result of bibliographical and documentary research, aims to analyze the phenomenon of unemployment in contemporary capitalism, highlighting how this phenomenon has been expressing itself in Brazilian particularities, given the outbreak and ongoing impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic. . To this end, it proposes a reflection on the foundations of unemployment based on the general law of capitalist accumulation, with the aim of analyzing the causal links that determined the genesis of this phenomenon and the way it interferes in the process of accumulation and in the control of capital over capital. working class. Capitalism is consolidated and fully developed based on the contradiction between capital and work; The direct products of this antagonism are expressed in unemployment, pauperism and the industrial reserve army. When investigating the phenomenon of unemploy is clear that the Covid-19 pandemic took hold worldwide, in a context plagued by profound economic and social inequalities, worsening the inherent contradictions of the capital system. Regarding the configuration of the labor market in Brazil, the data reveal an increase in unemployment, informality, outsourcing processes and social lack of protection for the working class. It is clear from the research that contemporary capitalist production processes demonstrate an increasingly precarious and superfluous workforce, increasing unemployment levels. This arises from the transition period in the 1970s and 1980s, in which the capitalist mode of production engendered a very peculiar context, marked by a series of capital survival strategies in the face of its structural crisis. From this perspective, it is demonstrated that the fight against unemployment by capital today is manifested in strategies for controlling informality, through encouraging entrepreneurship and uberization, components potentially highlighted in the pandemic situation, which reveal the immanent tendency for intensification of forms exploitation and precariousness of work. With the research carried out, it is clear that the Covid-19 pandemic took hold worldwide, in a context plagued by profound economic and social inequalities, worsening the inherent contradictions of the capital system. Regarding the configuration of the labor market in Brazil, the data reveal an increase in unemployment, informality, outsourcing processes and social lack of protection for the working class.

4
  • PAULA KAROLINY VICENTE DE OLIVEIRA
  • Agribusiness and pesticides: private enrichment, social impoverishment and collective illness

  • Advisor : JOSE MENEZES GOMES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • JOSE MENEZES GOMES
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • WANDERLEI ANTONIO PIGNATI
  • Data: Jan 30, 2024


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  • When considering the fact that Brazil is the largest consumer of pesticides in the world, based on the principle that agro is not pop, this dissertation aims to analyze the growing increase in the use of pesticides and the consequences for society Brazilian. To this end, we sought to understand the meanings of the transformations capitalists in the countryside, which result in the current predominant agricultural model in the Brazil and dominant production in society, as well as providing a brief analysis on the land issue in Brazil and the agribusiness monopoly, which result in the debates and research in the area that have revealed a perverse system, which puts risk to the health of the population and contamination of the natural environment.

5
  • MARIA CLARA PEREIRA DE ARAUJO
  • BETWEEN REGULATING RELATIVE OVERPOPULATION AND TACKLING SOCIAL INEQUALITIES: an analysis of the functionality of productive inclusion programs in Brazil

  • Advisor : CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • Cézar Henrique Miranda Coelho Maranhão
  • Data: Feb 1, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • The aim of this paper is to study the connections between the regulation of relative overpopulation and the attenuation of social inequalities, especially in their manifestations expressed in the accentuation of poverty and unemployment. The study of productive inclusion programs aims to understand their functionality in the Brazilian scenario and analyze the deep contradictions that circumscribe the context of their operation in the axis of social protection for the working class. It considers the structural crisis of capitalism in the context of financialization, globalization and overexploitation of the workforce as essential to the reflections of this study. The perspective that guides our analysis is based on the historical-dialectical materialist method and the Marxist theory of dependency, with the aim of uncovering concepts, theoretical polemics and some contradictions between the productive inclusion programs and the mitigation of social inequalities. Everything leads us to believe that in the current scenario of contemporary Brazilian dependent and peripheral capitalism there is a strengthening of the political and economic project of the ruling class to the detriment of political measures to combat social inequality.

6
  • KATIANE MORAES DA SILVA
  • The exploitation and oppression of women in the informal labor market in Brazil,

  • Advisor : ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDREA PACHECO DE MESQUITA
  • CATARINA NASCIMENTO DE OLIVEIRA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • Maria Helena Santana Cruz
  • Data: Feb 27, 2024


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  • The present work, entitled the exploitation and oppression of women in the informal labor market in Brazil, is the result of qualitative and quantitative research in the light of critical thinking, based on Marxist feminist theory that leads to the theoretical hypothesis that overcoming the order of capital It implies, among other aspects, the recognition of women's productive work and overcoming the asymmetric division of work between the sexes in the public and private spheres. Thus, its main objective is to promote a critical understanding of women's informal work in the context of contemporary structural crisis and its functionality for maintaining the capitalist mode of production. The importance of the study revolves around the understanding that informal work is functional to the capitalist mode of production and that the incidence of informality has been one of the structural and historical characteristics of the Brazilian labor market, especially in the lives of female workers who are inserted within the sexual and racial division of labor. Since, in the patriarchal capitalist structure, gender discrimination is based on stereotypes resulting from a racist, heterosexist and sexist society, which naturalizes oppression and affects mostly women, having as its framework the racial division of labor, which is revealed by discrimination and differentiated exploitation that the black population suffers in the world of work.

7
  • AMS MARQUES CAVALCANTE
  •  

     

    THE DISMANTLING OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE POLICY: A REFLECTION BASED ON CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT No. 95/2016
  • Advisor : REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANGELICA LUIZA SILVA BEZERRA
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • MOSSICLEIA MENDES DA SILVA
  • Marcelo Sitcovsky Santos Pereira
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • Data: Mar 26, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation analyzes the dismantling of the Social Assistance Policy in Brazil in the face of constant attacks on the budget of social policies that, as such, make up social security, most notably following the approval of Constitutional Amendment nº 95/2016. Based on the Marxist perspective, using the critical dialectical method, research was carried out in bibliographic and documentary modes. The fundamental references were Marx's classic work, Capital, and contemporary authors such as José Paulo Netto, Elaine Behring and Evilásio Salvador who explain how the State intervenes in the face of current social issues and the place occupied by the public fund in capitalist dynamics in Brazil. To this end, it was necessary to understand the relationship between the State, the structural crisis of capital and neoliberalism, in order to explain how this relationship impacts the conduct of social policies today. Faced with the domination of financial capital over social relations and the intensification of the financial crisis, the State has acted decisively in implementing measures based on the guidance of multilateral organizations and through neoliberalism, where in this model there are new determinations for the State on the economic and social level, from the perspective of the minimum State, becoming increasingly restricted for work. It starts from the observation that in times of intense crisis, capital uses strategies even more sharply to mitigate its impacts, in favor of serving the private interests of capitalist accumulation, via the appropriation of public funds. The composition of the public fund, effected through surplus labor and necessary labor, has been misused in a more forceful way in moments of intensification of capitalism's contradictions, being a structuring element of the production and reproduction of capital. Since the Master Plan for the Reform of the State Apparatus, Brazil has experienced a permanent fiscal adjustment that affects the public fund, with its capture by financial capital intensified after the 2016 coup in order to directly affect the working class, through the massive dismantling of rights social. It is evident that one of the ways of dismantling social security has been through the transfer of resources, which would be intended for the operation of these policies, to pay the public debt, benefiting large national and international banks and investors. Following the approval of Constitutional Amendment 95/2016, approved by the Temer government, there is an intensification of the process of dismantling social policies, such as the Social Assistance Policy (PAS), as it proposes the freezing of social spending for twenty years . When investigating the effects of Constitutional Amendment 95/2016 on Social Assistance Policy, the research emphasizes that the constant defunding of this policy has had impacts on the functioning of the Unified Social Assistance System, intensified during the period of health crisis installed by Covid-19 and opening precedents for the unpredictability in ensuring the provision of social assistance services. It was therefore found that the defunding of PAS has hit social assistance services most notably, while income transfer programs have consumed the majority of the policy's budget. Therefore, the present study presents the main consequences of the defunding of social assistance policy and how the spending cuts imposed by fiscal adjustment favor the demands and trends of capitalist development in crisis, in Brazil, to the detriment of meeting the needs of the working class.

Thesis
1
  • DIANA RAMÍREZ DUARTE
  • PROFESSIONS AND IDEOLOGY: ontological determinations and room for maneuver

  • Advisor : REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • AURA GONZÁLEZ SERNA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • SERGIO ANDRÉS QUINTERO LONDOÑO
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Jan 26, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • The object of study developed in this research refers to the functions fulfilled by the professions located in the ideological complex, in relation to the reproduction of the capital system and the construction of emancipatory processes. For this purpose, a historical-ontological study of the professions was carried out, through a documentary review of other authors who have carried out historical research on education, class struggle, science, social division of labor, the State and the professions, as well as a statistical sample of the current academic offerings in the ‘best universities in the world’ according to the QS Ranking. The method inspired by Marx and the developments of Georg Lukács are taken up again as a theoretical-methodological basis because they allow us to apprehend the ontological foundations of professions in general, and those with an ideological function. In this way, a historical-ontological analysis is made that evidences that professions appear in history with the first society divided into classes (Egypt) and from there continuities and ruptures are identified that respond to the needs of social reproduction in relation to the mode of production; the economy as the predominant moment. Likewise, it is clear that professions with an ideological function were the first to appear (the profession of scribe in Egypt) and that many centuries later, with capitalism, professions directly imbricated in production are created (especially as intellectual work). Moreover, the contradictory and unequal movement between dependence and relative autonomy is recognized, having as its basis the alternative decisions of singular human beings who, from a range of possibilities given by the social totality, give direction to the partial complexes of the professions. It is with this that we understand the possibilities that professional subjects have to act within class society, particularly in capitalism, as a reflection of the class struggle and of the antagonistic projects of society.

2
  • MARIA JIMENA QUINTERO BRAVO
  • CAPITAL , PROPIEDAD Y TRANSICIÓN : FUNDAMENTOS DE LA “ EXPROPIACIÓN DE LOS EXPROPIADORES ” SEGÚN KARL MARX .

  • Advisor : MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • MARIA ORLANDA PINASSI
  • MAURICIO BERNARDINO GONÇALVES
  • SERGIO AFRANIO LESSA FILHO
  • SILVIA YANET LEMA NAVARRO
  • Data: Jan 29, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  •  

    La presente tesis aborda la reconocida meta socialista de “expropiación de los expropiadores” desde la óptica de Karl Marx. Partiendo de la existencia de interpretaciones controvertidas y divergentes respecto a este lema en el movimiento socialista –ya desde fines del siglo XIX–, la tesis tiene como objetivo comprender el significado que Marx proporcionó a la “expropiación de los expropiadores”, determinando el origen y fundamento de esa expropiación, como también el tipo de transformaciones en la producción y en la propiedad que implicaría su desarrollo. Se trata de recuperar los fundamentos ontológicos e históricos de la “expropiación de los expropiadores”, analizando esa expropiación en conexión con los elementos fundamentales del proceso de producción de capital y sus principales tendencias de desarrollo; elementos que fueron foco de los estudios de Marx a lo largo de su vida, cuyo principal resultado se registra en la obra El Capital. La presente tesis se basa en el estudio inmanente de las ideas de Marx contenidas en distintas obras y textos del autor, con el libro primero de El Capital como eje fundamental del análisis. Se inscribe en la necesidad del estudio del capital y la propiedad, y de los problemas y peculiaridades de la transición socialista, la cual, al decir de Mészáros, integra la agenda histórica actual marcada por la urgencia de una alternativa radical al sistema social en el cual vivimos los seres humanos, al alcanzar su crisis estructura global.

3
  • HELINE CAROLINE ELOI MOURA
  • Mental Health Policy and Drug Policy in the years 2001 to 2023: 
    dissemination and guarantees of rights based on the reality of Alagoas
  • Advisor : ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • SILVANA MARCIA DE ANDRADE MEDEIROS
  • SUELI MARIA DO NASCIMENTO
  • Data: Feb 26, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • This doctoral thesis, entitled Mental Health Policy and Drug Policy in the years 2001 to 2023: dissemination and guarantees of rights based on the reality of Alagoas, is the result of research whose main objective was to theoretically-methodologically investigate an issue that permeates the forms of State regulation on issues relating to mental illness and drug abuse through rights, emphasizing the particularities of the Alagoas scenario. The specific objectives included: promoting historical and theoretical reflection on drug use, mental illness and institutionalization in the course of capitalist social relations and dialogue with the historical and theoretical construction of rights; analyze trends in the historical process of psychiatric hospitalizations in the Brazilian and Alagoas scenario, considering the deinstitutionalization process for people with mental disorders and people who abuse drugs; identify mental health care and reception services for drug users in Alagoas, observing how the services facilitate or violate rights; demonstrate, through empirical data, how managers and professionals operating mental health policy and drug policy in Alagoas enable the right to mental health. Through documentary, bibliographic and field research, it was possible to develop an exploratory study on the provision of mental health services, alcohol and other drugs and their relationship with the guarantee of rights. The field research was carried out in the period (2021-2023) in a CAPS AD III, a Cozy Therapeutic Community (CTA) in Alagoas, in addition to the Maceió Municipal Health Department, the Alagoas State Health Department and the Health Center. Reception. The research participants were: 04 managers, 03 social workers, 02 psychiatrists and 03 psychologists. Through individual, semi-structured interviews, we were able to get closer to the empirical data of reality and promote theoretical-critical reflections that were condensed in this thesis.The study undertaken led us to verify and defend the thesis that the expressions of the social issue in the Brazilian scenario, form the dialectical unity that unites mental illness and people abusing drugs, especially those from the most vulnerable classes, who are political targets. public. Therefore, mental illness cannot be reduced to a pathological condition, other social complexes in capitalism integrate social demands that are linked to mental illness, drug abuse and that motivate individuals to access institutionalized services. On the other hand, the State has shaped its responses through the bias of institutionalization, segregation and prohibition of drug use, intervening superficially in the demands of users of mental health, alcohol and other drugs, scarcely dialoguing with the perspective of rights . In the State of Alagoas, institutionalized relations in the area of alcohol and drugs were enhanced by their socioeconomic, political and cultural particularities that favor the philanthropic and private third sector, consolidating and strengthening conservative ways of dealing with the problem. We also identified that contemporary times reproduce marks of the past, with social regulations based on religious ideologies for the treatment of pathophysiological issues. This thesis is intended to contribute to the debate that permeates recent forms of psychosocial care, situating the problem in the social totality that surrounds it.

4
  • THAYS KAROLLINE DOS SANTOS FIDELIS
  • Brazilian fourth power State: sub-imperialism as a national development project

  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADRIÁN SOTELO VALENCIA
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • DIANA MARGARITA FAVELA GAVIA
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • GEORGETTE RAMIREZ KURI
  • Data: Feb 28, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • In this thesis, the Brazilian fourth power state is investigated, associating its existence to the project of sub-imperialist development in Brazil. The method used was the materialist-historical-dialectical, by immanent readings of classical and contemporary works and documentary analyses. It explores the similarities and differences in the pattern of reproduction and accumulation of capital in the imperialist countries and in the dependent countries and, given the relationship of co-determination between capital and the state, the similarities and differences in the state superstructural sphere are observed. Given these differences, we arrive at the conformation of the Brazilian dependent State which, due to the socio-historical formation of Brazil, had conditions for the construction of a development project during the civil-military dictatorship (called Brazil Power) and for the maintenance of it after the redemocratization. This project is represented by the security-development binomial, and it is demonstrated that, in Brazil, the first part of the binomial has been carried out by the armed forces. Thus, it is concluded that the tutelary role played by the Brazilian armed forces is necessary and functional to the project of Brazilian sub-imperialist development, economically and politically. The demonstration of the umbilical relationship between the presence and role of the armed forces in the Brazilian State and the needs of reproduction and accumulation of capital presented in this thesis contradicts the papers that, by neglecting the relationship of co-determination between capital and the State, relate the authoritarian character of the armed forces to the possibility of imposing their demands on the State – regardless of whether they are related to the demands of capital.

2023
Dissertations
1
  • RUTE CORREIA DA SILVA MORAIS
  • THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE'S STRUGGLE FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL CONTROL: the activity of the district council of indigenous health in DSEI AL/SE.

  • Advisor : MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • AMARO HELIO LEITE DA SILVA
  • Data: Apr 17, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • Access to health care for culturally distinct minorities is a challenge for the Brazilian public health system in view of its cultural and ethnic specificities. A major achievement arising from the struggle of indigenous peoples is the National Policy for Health Care for Indigenous Peoples (PNASPI), which requires differentiated care at all levels of health care. For this reason, this dissertation addresses the implementation of this policy, emphasizing the struggle of these peoples, in the implementation of the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem (SASI-SUS) and the Special Indigenous Health Districts (DSEIs). The study presented referred us to the numerous challenges regarding the implementation of this policy and its struggle to guarantee differentiated attention. The starting point was the following research problem: What is the direction of action of the District Council for Indigenous Health (CONDISI), as a body of social control, to guarantee the health care of indigenous peoples within the scope of DSEI-AL/SE? In this way, the research aims to analyze the performance of the District Council of Indigenous Health (CONDISI), as an instance of social control, in guaranteeing the right to health of indigenous peoples within the scope of the Special Indigenous Health District (DSEI-AL/SE), considering their cultural and ethnic specificities as recommended by PNASPI, between the years 2016 and 2019. Bibliographical and documentary research was used, which covered, in addition to productions around indigenous health policy, social control, and specificities ethnic and cultural aspects in a historical perspective, the consultation of official documents such as ordinances, resolutions, technical standards, cartography and 29 minutes of CONDISI meetings, from 2016 to 2019. Data collection took place from July to December 2022 and the analysis of the set of documents provided an understanding of the indigenous role in face of their ethnic recognition, the collective struggle in favor of the right to a health policy that meets their cultural specificities, and the participation of this population within CONDISI. Thus, it allowed us to analyze the performance of this council, with regard to the direction of its actions in the face of disputes of interests of these spaces, and above all, to understand the limits placed on this action, considering that the struggle of indigenous peoples, that make up the subordinate classes, must also take place in spaces outside the councils, since the struggle crosses society as a whole.

2
  • ANA RUTE OLIVEIRA DUARTE
  • TECHNOLOGY, UBERIZATION AND STRUCTURAL PRECARIZATION: TRIAD OF CURRENT FORMS OF WORK EXPLOITATION AND CONTROL

  • Advisor : REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • Data: May 30, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The present dissertation “Technology, uberization and structural precariousness: triad of current ways of exploitation and work control”, resulting from a bibliographic and documental research, analyze the function of technic at capitalist sociability reproduction and the impacts of communication and information technology development – TICs, expressed in the uberization process, as a “new” way of exploration and work controlling. Firmly set on Marx social theory assumptions, the study focuses on uberization phenomenon in order to unravel the current way of working which, through the use of digital platforms, realized themselves as the Communication and Information Technologies – TICs pushing applied to the work and its own relation with the Sharing Economy, with the Brazilian Labor Reform to verify why and how the ways of subordination and work control amplify in our times. It's believed that the productive reorganization, started in the 1980s, following the capital structural crisis in 1970 takes to the progress of flexibility and outsourcing process, significantly modifying contracts, work relations and conditions, as they become even more insecure. It is assumed that the phenomenon of uberization embody the context of structural unemployment worsening, which enthroned the technological development, the entrepreneurship, the productive flexibility, masking the workers condition of exploitation and control. It is about these process diversity and complexity in the currently capitalism that the research made to try to unravel the functionality of technological development to the capital and capital crisis. The ontological foundations of work, the technology function in the process of production and work management in the context of competitive capitalism and monopolistic to clarify why and how arise the worker subordination in the working methods. It is highlighted the socioeconomic determinants of structural crisis, the flexibility process and presenting data that show the unchecked growth of digital platforms (application companies), with the inclusion of workers in the uberization process and the urge to turn the working control less notable, the process of work insecurity, the regressive tendencies that revealed the contradictions inherent of the capital reproduction. 

3
  • RENATA SILVA DE ASSIS GOMES
  • PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION AND ITS ONTOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS IN CAPITALISM, BASED ON MARX AND MESZÁROS

  • Advisor : MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • Silmara Mendes Costa Santos
  • Data: Aug 16, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • We understand that in order to understand the roots of the problem of inequality in capitalism, it is essential to know and take ownership of its historical construction, which points to the categories of production and distribution of the social product. We point out that the basis of the capitalist mode of production is the production of surplus value, it was necessary, therefore, to investigate the foundations of this, together with the implications that act in the sphere of distribution, with the objective of elucidating the roots of inequality, its original foundations , and because it is produced and reproduced under the logic of capitalism.

4
  • RENATO NOVAES SANTIAGO
  • Dependent Capitalism and Social Regulation

  • Advisor : ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • Danilo Enrico Martuscelli
  • GABRIELA CARAMURU TELES
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • Data: Sep 29, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This paper seeks to analyse the functioning of the legal-political body in a Latin American context marked by "dependent capitalism". To do so, it starts from the need to understand the essential common characteristics of societies in which the capitalist mode of production predominates, locating the categories of property, labour and contract as historical categories that make up a complex framework and, when set in motion, conceal the real form of exploitation of labour and valorisation of value, whether under the guise of the labour contract or circulation. In this sense, the notion of law is constructed as a social relationship that progresses into a system of regulation, specialising into branches that perform different functions within the bourgeois order. By establishing that these elements reflect and relate to the way in which it is produced, it becomes possible to criticise no longer a state or a law in the abstract, but to effectively particularise its determinations, now from a lower degree of abstraction in specific social formations. In this analysis, the Latin American formation is formulated from the perspective of the Marxist Theory of Dependency, which aims to deconstruct the ideology that positions the economic and social configuration of the peripheral countries as "immature capitalism" or that would need impulses to reach the supposed level of civilisation of the central capitalist countries. On the contrary, the configuration of Latin American capitalism is exposed as mature capitalism, as developed as European, North American or Asian capitalism, but of a different quality. It was possible to identify, in the wake of Ruy Mauro Marini, that the fact that peripheral capitals have their production geared towards the foreign market, a lower organic composition and the need to provide capital or technological inputs in greater volume, configures, as we propose to discuss throughout this work, a conditioning situation in which parcels of capital are repeatedly transferred towards countries with a higher organic composition, which has political and economic repercussions in a relationship of subordination between sovereign nations, a dependent relationship. Finally, it should be noted that, in an attempt to counteract the repeated "losses", the bourgeoisie in Latin America increases surplus value by increasing the exploitation of the labour force, which, together with the socio-historical formation that brought with it authoritarian, violent, racist and patrimonialist social relations, shape the main characteristics of law, social rights and the state in dependent capitalism. 

5
  • CLARA MORGANA TORRES DA ROCHA SILVA
  • THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HEALTH SECTORS IN PROVIDING COVID-19 ICU BEDS 
    TO FIGHT THE PANDEMIC: PROFIT OVER LIFE
  • Advisor : MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDREA PACHECO DE MESQUITA
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • LENIRA MARIA WANDERLEY SANTOS DE ALMEIDA
  • MARIA INÊS SOUZA BRAVO
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • Data: Oct 25, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This work aims to analyze the relationship between the public and private health sectors in the provision of ICU beds to face Covid-19 in Brazil, in the context of a pandemic, capital crisis and the deepening of neoliberalism in Brazil. To this end, a bibliographical research was developed to support the understanding of the repercussions of the capital crisis in the Brazilian health policy, on the neoliberal aegis of cuts in the financing of public policies, restriction of rights, private appropriation of the public fund, precariousness, privatization and focus of public policies, in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study also highlighted the actions (or absence thereof) of the Federal Government to face Covid-19, headed by a denialist head of state, whose only and unrestricted concern was the defense of private sector profits, not caring about the thousands deaths that could have been prevented. Through documentary research on the Ministry of Health's databases, we sought to observe aspects of inverted complementarity in the country, as well as the way in which the supply of ICU beds was consolidated for the exclusive care of patients with Covid-19 in the territory. Brazilian. We highlight the struggle around the unification of the queue for access to intensive care beds, spearheaded by social movements in defense of the lives of Brazilians who did not have access to the private health sector. The study developed here pointed out that the process of inverting the complementarity of the private sector with the public sector, based on the purchase of hospital and outpatient services, followed the trend of the years prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, showing itself to be above 50% in both first years of the health crisis. In general terms, although, according to the analysis parameters of the research developed here, it was observed that at the beginning of the pandemic, the supply of Covid-19 ICU beds was predominantly in the private sector, a scenario that was changed in the During the following year, several forms of subsidies were granted to the private health sector, with large volumes of public resources destined for this sector, to the detriment of the strengthening of the public sector.




6
  • MAX DOUGLAS ALVES SILVA
  • THE TONES OF VULNERABILITY: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND WOMEN IN THE SCENARIO OF THE HIV EPIDEMIC IN BRAZIL

  • Advisor : ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDREA PACHECO DE MESQUITA
  • EDEN ERICK HILARIO TENORIO DE LIMA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • TELMA LOW SILVA JUNQUEIRA
  • Data: Oct 31, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The dissertation "The tones of vulnerability: Epidemiological Profile and women in the scenario of the HIV epidemic in Brazil" arises from an experience in the Multiprofessional Residency in Adult and Elderly Health at the Federal University of Alagoas. In one of the practice scenarios, which was allocated to the Infectious-Parasitic Diseases Unit (UDIP), the work of Social Services plays a crucial role in promoting health in a humanized, inclusive, informative, socializing and comprehensive way. In the work process carried out by the professional, there is a support group for people living with HIV. During this period, there was active participation in meetings and gatherings, where I observed a significant increase in the participation of women who shared their experiences and life stories. Furthermore, when analyzing the referrals made by the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA), it became clear that women were increasingly seeking HIV prevention and treatment services. This observation highlighted the importance of studying the epidemiological profile of women in this specific context. The study investigates the increasing vulnerability of women and their rise in the epidemiological context of HIV in Brazil, considering social, economic and cultural factors. The central objective is to promote critical reflection on the socio-historical and economic determinants that make women vulnerable and impact their rise in the context of the epidemiological profile of HIV in Brazil. The research adopts strategies that explore the intersection between health, race, gender and public policies over the last four decades, focusing on the gender perspective in light of critical thinking. The methodology involves an exploratory bibliographic and documentary analysis, using epidemiological bulletins from 2007 to 2021 and exploring legal aspects of Brazilian and international legislation. The research highlights social, cultural and historical determinants that contribute to the vulnerability of women, outlining complex gender inequalities that need to be fully understood in the entire context in which they are located to support more coherent, assertive and inclusive public and private social policies. To this end, the contribution of the present study immerses itself in history, resuming the process of appropriation and exploitation of women's time and bodies, in the so-called “primitive accumulation” (Marx, 2017; Federici, 2004), bringing the intersection of the sexual division of labor , gender and health. It can be seen that 40 years after the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Brazil, the infection has undergone several transformations, ranging from social, economic and cultural aspects, as well as political and affirmative ones. In recent years, Brazil has faced an ongoing battle against the HIV/AIDS epidemic. During the time frame, under different government administrations, the challenges associated with this disease persisted. When we closely analyze the situation of women, it becomes clear that the infection profile has undergone notable changes. Women experiencing HIV/AIDS still face deeply rooted stigmas, many of which are inextricably linked to complex issues such as race, ethnicity, gender, educational level and socioeconomic status.

7
  • TELIANE LIMA BAPTISTA
  • ON THE LINES OF THE DEGRADATION OF WORK: "TELEMARKETING", SPREADING PRECARIOUSNESS IN BRAZIL

  • Advisor : DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA INÊS SIMÕES CARDOSO DE MELO
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • SOSTENES ERICSON VICENTE DA SILVA
  • Data: Dec 18, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The growth of the service sector and the retraction of the industrial sector have proven to be very consistent in the context of productive restructuring, which has led to flexibilization, precariousness and fragmentation of the working class, through the adequacy of the use and control of the workforce. With special emphasis here we place the telemarketing sector, which, by combining 21st century technologies with 19th and 20th century working conditions, mixes Toyotized flexibility with Taylorist control techniques. Therefore, the scope of the research is to analyze, in the “lines” of work degradation, telemarketing as a form of work that diffuses the precariousness of work in Brazil. To this end, we guided the analysis by the theoreticalmethodological framework of historical-dialectical materialism, with the aim of establishing an organic connection between theoretical knowledge and objective historical reality. In procedural terms, we carried out a bibliographical review and documentary analysis. That said, we start from the ontological foundations of work and the peculiar contours of its execution in capitalist society, going through crucial aspects of the dynamics of the structural crisis and its impact on the scope of work. Investigative path necessary to understand the new morphology of work, highlighting here the peculiar contours of Brazilian late capitalism, which determines the superexploitation of the workforce in the country. Therefore, we see the telemarketing sector as the result of a harmful combination: outsourcing, privatization and the intensive use of information technologies. We have a sector whose work organization is clearly Taylorized based on constant vigilance, strategic management hierarchization, intensification, reduction of “dead time” in the journey, prescribed work and focus on goals. Characteristics that trigger a series of indicators of precarious work, ranging from the predominant profile of the professional category with a clear cut of gender, age and race; remuneration, already below the worker's needs and linked to productivity, which has similarities with the “piece wage”; the turnover marked by the fact that the sector is a “transit place” for young people in their first job attracted by the flexible working hours, which allow them to combine work with other activities and the incipient possibility of professional advancement; fragility of resistance due to the difficulty in forming collective identity and, even with moments of resistance, weakening the organizational capacity of unions; and, consequently, the illness potential of the sector that makes operators a commodity with a short shelf life, as, in a short period of time, they begin to develop pathologies, due to the intense and stressful pace of work, as well as harassing behaviors. Given this scenario, it is clear that telemarketing in Brazil re-updates precarious working conditions, as well as placing the super-exploitation of work on a new basis, generating wear and tear and premature wasting of young women recently inserted into the job market, subjugated to peripheral capitalism to the having your workforce consumed exponentially. Here is telemarketing slaughtering, slashing, exploiting and making workers sick, like a true “peoplegrinding machine”

Thesis
1
  • MARICELLY COSTA SANTOS
  • CAPITALIST CONTROL AND TECHNOLOGY: Mechanisms for the intensification of labor exploitation in telemarketing centers        

  • Advisor : EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • ANGELICA LUIZA SILVA BEZERRA
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • GLADSON ROSAS HAURADOU
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • Marcelo Sitcovsky Santos Pereira
  • Data: Jan 26, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis aims to understand how the relationship between capitalist control and technology constitutes mechanisms for intensifying the exploitation of work in Telemarketing Centers. The study and investigation process that we are presenting here took place through bibliographical and documentary research in official databases, through a theoretical-methodological analysis based on the historical-critical perspective. We carried out, from a methodological point of view, an immanent analysis of the works of authors Karl Marx, F. Engels, Istiván Mészáros, Thomas Gounet, David Harvey, among others, which made it possible to analyze the exploitation of labor in the capitalist mode of production, starting from the commodity as a product of human labor and its characteristics in order to understand, considering the production process, a special commodity: the workforce. The exploitation of the workforce has, in capitalism, its process initiated in the so-called primitive accumulation, through violent means of disciplining and controlling workers, expanding with the development of the capitalist mode of production, until the structural crisis of capital in the days current. This development implied the advance of the productive forces, which with the increase of technology, as well as the forms of capital control over labor, guaranteed the means of intensifying the exploitation of labor. These elements become present in some capitalist sectors, such as services, of which we highlight the Telemarketing Centers, which in recent years has shown significant expansion, under the logic of outsourcing and precarious work. In this field, we base ourselves mainly on the works of Ricardo Antunes, Ruy Braga, Albani Barros, Selma Venco, among others, who provided subsidies to apprehend the historical genesis and roots of this type of service provision. Thus, it is assumed that, at present, the articulation between Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), Toyotist flexibility measures and the typically Taylorist forms of capital control over work appear as the basis for the intensification of exploitation of labor in Telemarketing Centers, with a view to increasing productivity and capital profitability in the service sector. This thesis shows that the process of exploitation of work in Telemarketing Centers is intensified through mechanisms that articulate coercive forms of control over work with new technologies, which from the perspective of modernization, demonstrate the coexistence of characteristics of typical capitalist control of the Taylorist-Fordist period and of productive restructuring.

     

     

     

     

2
  • FRANQUELINE TERTO DOS SANTOS
  • THE PROBLEM OF LAND OWNERSHIP IN HISTORICAL-CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE: elements for apprehending the Brazilian agrarian question

  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • CICERO FERREIRA DE ALBUQUERQUE
  • RENATA COUTO MOREIRA
  • ROBERTA SPERANDIO TRASPADINI
  • Data: Mar 1, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis deals with the central historical and theoretical foundations that constitute the problem of the “agrarian question” in capitalism in general and in Brazilian capitalism in particular. We developed this study with the main objective of analyzing the process of constitution of private land ownership in Brazil, from the Marxian perspective rooted in the materialist conception of history as a method of analysis and intervention on the structurally unequal reality, in order to apprehend the central determinations of the Brazilian agrarian question that imply the historic struggle of rural workers for and on the land. For that, we carried out an investigative process of a bibliographical nature, whose preliminary results are exposed in four sections. In the first, introductory, we present our understanding of the concept of “agrarian question” and a “portrait” of some of the main manifestations of the Brazilian agrarian question today, especially in relation to the land structure and the use and occupation of agricultural land. The second section consists of an exploratory historical exposition on the historicity of land ownership, with emphasis on the processes of peasant expropriation and the constitution of private land ownership under the dominion of capital, in the context of the societal transition from feudalism to capitalism. It also discusses the centrality of land in the constitution of the social being, its meaning as an “object” and “universal means of human work” in the dialectic relationship between property-expropriation-appropriation, and the main historical forms of land ownership in development according to Marxian social theory. Thus, we seek to apprehend the historical factors that originally influenced the constitution of the modern form of land ownership, considered as a material presupposition of the capitalist production process in general and an indispensable element for the accumulation of capital in the countryside, the target of antagonistic social interests. The third section is devoted to the theoretical foundations of typically capitalist land ownership, in which the private appropriation of land under the command of capital, in agriculture, is exclusively intended for the production of surplus value. From this movement, land ownership assumes a radically new and contradictory phenomenon: the land-commodity. Thus, we carried out an examination of the theoretical analysis of Marx in Capital and Kautsky in The Agrarian Question regarding the central determinations of capitalist property – land-commodity and land-capital – under the theory of value, and which has in the theory marxiana of land rent a milestone in the unveiling of the historical and economic specificities of land ownership in capitalism. This aspect is understood as a central foundation of the agrarian question in capitalism in general and, therefore, a starting point for the analysis of social contradictions in and from the countryside. In the fourth and last section, in the light of the theoretical framework used in the previous sections, we deal with the constitution of private land ownership in Brazil, considering the particularities of Brazilian agrarian formation, within the framework of the colonial slave economy and the beginning of the sui generis transition to Brazilian capitalism . This past is marked, in general, by processes of expropriation, dispossession, genocide, enslavement of indigenous and African peoples, and exploitation of poor farmers. The investigative resource to this conforming historicity of Brazilian agrarian society between the sixteenth and first half of the nineteenth centuries made explicit the particularities of the process of real and formal constitution of private land ownership, which produced a diverse, disordered, unequal and conflicting configuration of forms property social. From this process, different social categories emerged in the countryside, antagonistic senses in relation to possession/ownership of land and historical disputes with the rural working classes, manifested in terms of the “struggle for land”. With this theoretical-analytical journey, we seek to apprehend the main elements of the origins of the Brazilian agrarian question, which are both present in the current reality, and create new conflicts and impose new challenges to those who, more out of necessity than by spontaneous will, they dare to face the old and new forms of expropriation of labor, the subordination of property of direct producers to capital and the expansion of capitalist land ownership.

3
  • WALDEZ CAVALCANTE BEZERRA
  • THE TEAM FETISH IN THE UNIQUE SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM: 
    specifics and generalizations in professional work in Brazil today
  • Advisor : ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA PAULA SERRATA MALFITANO
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • MARTA CARVALHO DE ALMEIDA
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • SIMONE MARIA HUNING
  • Data: Mar 29, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  •  

    This research on professional work in social assistance in the current Brazilian context focuses on the analysis of the attributions and competences of professional categories participating in the teams of the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS) services. To guide it, we established the following research problems: How is the provision of services in equipment of the National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS) in Brazil organized? How is the technical division of labor defined at SUAS and the definition of requisitions and professional attributions? Considering the attributions and competences, what are the specificities and generalizations present in the professional work of professional categories included in the SUAS? The general objective of the research was to analyze the particularities of the attributions and professional competences of categories inserted in the social and technical division of work in SUAS, specifically in Social Work, Psychology and Occupational Therapy. Methodologically, we carried out documentary and field research. In the first one, we analyzed official documents from the PNAS, which present guidelines on teamwork at SUAS, and others produced by the three investigated professions, which dealt with the work of their professionals in social assistance. In the field research, we interviewed social workers, psychologists and occupational therapists working in reference teams of a Reference Center for Social Assistance and three Specialized Reference Centers for Social Assistance, located in Maceió/AL and Vitória/ES, as well as the coordinations of these locations.  The data produced by these strategies were analyzed and discussed based on the theoretical framework of a Marxist basis, adopting as a presupposition the understanding that the social professions derive from the process of specialization of work in capitalism, with professional work inserted in the social and technical division. from work. The results showed that although there is an attempt by the professions to delimit specificities, not always defended as private attributions, a lack of differentiation of professional attributions prevails. The explanatory thesis defended in this work is that this phenomenon is mediated by three broader social vectors, external to the professions themselves, namely: the institutional definitions and characteristics of the PNAS; the intensification of the precariousness of work and public social services in the current conjuncture; and the ways in which teamwork is organized at SUAS. As for the definitions of the PNAS, in addition to the diffuse feature of its demands, we highlight the fact that the policy, by resorting to the generic name of reference technician, leaves open the definition of the particular attributions of the categories recognized by CNAS Resolution no. 17/2011. This lack of definition of professional attributions, in the daily life of social assistance equipment, not only feeds back a fetishized discourse on teamwork, supported by interdisciplinarity formulations, but also establishes forms of work organization that become functional to the precarious logic of social services that operate with reduced teams. We conclude that the confluence of these three vectors results in a predominant generic character in professional work at SUAS.

     
4
  • MARIANGEL SANCHEZ ALVARADO

  • SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN LATIN AMERICA: An analysis based on the general characteristics of the historical development of social formations in dependent capitalism


  • Advisor : MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADRIANA DE AZEVEDO MATHIS
  • ADRIANO NASCIMENTO SILVA
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • Georgette Ramírez Kuri
  • MANUEL WALDEMAR MALLARDI
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • Data: May 2, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This research has as its object of study the social assistance policy in the historical development of dependent capitalism and its particularities in Latin American social formations from a Marxist theoretical framework. To carry out this analysis, we start from some research questions, namely: What are the configurations of the formation of the Latin American State in the development of world capitalism? What has been the position of Latin America in the international division of labor? During the historical development of the capitalist production system? What is the role of social assistance policy in Latin America today? To answer this series of questions, the general objective is to analyze historically the particularities of the development of capitalism in Latin America based on its condition of dependence on the world capitalist system, in order to demonstrate the trends of the State and social policy. , emphasizing the current social assistance policy. The methodology used was based on a bibliographic and documentary search on the foundations of the State, social policy and social assistance, in addition to the historical development of Latin American dependent capitalism, which supports the way in which the State and the social policy in the region. In the first section, the categories of analysis that guide the understanding of the object of study are developed; For this, it is considered essential to rescue classic authors and other more contemporary ones, as well as Latin American authors to have a theoretical support to guide the analysis. In the second section, a historical tour of the development of Latin American dependent capitalism was carried out, taking into account the reproduction patterns that provide the structural bases to understand the role of the State and social policy. The third section contains an approach to the conditions of the countries of the region, as well as a mapping of social assistance policy, its relationship with the State and the mechanisms of social reproduction through the analysis of documents and national policies that are part of Latin American governments. Finally, in the last section an approximation to the Brazilian and Costa Rican experience is made in order to know the characteristics of these two countries in a more specific and differentiated way, as well as the development of social assistance in each of them. The analysis of the object is directed towards neoliberalism and the refractions of the social question in dependent capitalism, which has coexisted for a long time with the super-exploitation of the labor force in the region, potentiated in the framework of the structural crisis of capital. Being in this context, when there are attacks by multilateral organizations to "assist" social policy through the emphasis on targeted and palliative programs of social assistance policy, redefining its role in the context of globalization of the economy and lack of protection ongoing in the continent.

5
  • LUIZ FELIPE BARROS SILVA
  • MAN VERSUS MACHINE? Productive forces and critique of capitalist technology in the work of Karl Marx
  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • JOSIANE SOARES SANTOS
  • LUCIANO ACCIOLY LEMOS MOREIRA
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Jul 28, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis is the result of a study on the essential determinations of Karl Marx's critique of capitalist technology, starting from the demand in Marxism to synthesize the elements of this critique that are inherent to capital itself, regardless of its concrete manifestations throughout history. Marx's trajectory in formulating and developing this critique is the thread that guides the exposition in sections 2 and 3. His more philosophical and political studies before revolutions of 1848 give way to economic formulations in the 1850s and 1860s; the perspective of the contradiction between the productive forces and the relations of production considered abstractly gain a systematic development on their most developed capitalist manifestation, under the aegis of the gigantic automaton that was formed in the period of large-scale industry, the theories of value and surplus value in Capital represent the theoretical-scientific evidence of the antagonistic nature that is expressed in the productive forces and capitalist technology.

6
  • FRANCISCA SILVA DOS SANTOS
  • THE MANIPULATORY NATURE OF LAW FROM THE LUKACSIANA PERSPECTIVE AND ITS LEGAL SUPPORT IN CAPITALISM

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • RENATA RIBEIRO ROLIM
  • SILENE MORAES FREIRE
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Aug 11, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis aims to apprehend the ontological foundations of the social complex of law in George Lukács and his manipulation mechanisms of social reality. The investigation process was based on historical-dialectical materialism and resorted to bibliographical research using the resource of immanent analysis of some chapters
    of the main works that gave the discursive axis of the object, namely: “For the ontology of the social being – Volume I and II” (2018) by George Lukács, “O Capital – Critique of Political Economy” (1996) by Karl Marx and “General Theory of Law and Marxism” (2017) by Evigueni Pachukanis, as well as other authors who were fundamental for the theoretical deepening such as István Mészáros (2008, 2011a, 2011b), Sérgio Lessa (2011, 2012, 2020), Ivo Tonet (2011, 2016), Dario Melossi and Massimo Pavarini (2010). Starting from the materialist ontology, we were able to apprehend the ontological determinations that constitute the spheres of being in general and the ontological leap that led to the emergence of the social being from work, as well as all sociality that unfolds from it, conferring everything that is new not be social. With the removal of natural barriers and the increasing development of productive forces, new social complexes are emerging to deal with the needs produced by the social being beyond those mediated directly to the transformation of the natural environment, as is the case of law. This allowed the understanding of the object in its genetic sense, as a result of specific material and social conditions that demanded its genesis as a phenomenon inscribed in the scope of social reproduction, this because only in certain historical conditions does the regulation of social activities acquire a legal performance. A question that allowed us to criticize legal positivism by conceiving law as a complex exclusively based on positively established legal norms, separating it from the foundations of social life and placing it above society and social classes. Thus, an attempt was made to demystify the fetishizing content of its formal and abstract postulates that corroborate the manipulation of the social reality constructed by the contradiction of private interests. The law as an ideological complex will reach its full maturity in the bourgeois sociability in which the commodity fetish necessarily demands the legal relationship between equal private owners in the exchange process, having in the legal form of the contract one of its main links. This thesis highlights the manipulation exercised by the social complex of law by regulating the social events that emanate from the material base of this sociality, providing the conditions that give operationality to salaried work under the dominion of capital, posing as an obstacle to the revolutionary and radical movement of the proletariat whose horizon of struggles must go beyond the narrow horizon of bourgeois right. 

2022
Dissertations
1
  • MARCELLA GOIS SILVA MEDEIROS
  • The Social Reproduction in Lukács: the essence of Social Being and the possibility of human emancipation.

  • Advisor : SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • Data: Jan 28, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This paper aims, based mainly on a study about Social Reproduction in Lukács' Ontology, to discuss the issue of “human essence” and its modern comprehension as a "selfish nature" in order to support the capitalist mode of production as the only possible alternative for the human’s history. In this perspective, based on theoretical-bibliographic research and grounding in Marx’s methodological legacy, the historical-materialism, we treated, in a first moment, about the emergence of the sphere of “Social Being” from organic nature and Labor complex’s role has inside this process, considering that, through the “Teleological Position” that unfolds within it, emerges a way to respond the demands of existence much more complex than the mere instinctive reaction that happens inside the organic being. Supported by that, we investigated through which legalities this new sphere of being reproduces itself, emphasizing the “ontological priority” of the economical’ complex and the “totality of society” as the “predominant moment” of this becoming. In a second moment, we intended demonstrate how these legalities operate inside of the historicity of the social’ world, always highlighting the relationship that unfolds between individual and society in each historical moment and the form that the human’ essence was understood in each one of them. This situation led us to try to demystify, through the demonstration of by which processes human
    beings make their own histories (and their own nature), the form that the human essence assumes within capitalism as a “selfish nature” and the way that it try to justify the eternity of this mode of production.

2
  • JAMILLY ALEXSANDRA DA SILVA
  •  

    NATURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SALARY CONTRACT FOR THE EXPLORATION OF THE LABOR FORCE IN THE CAPITALIST PRODUCTION MODE

  • Advisor : MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • LÚCIO VASCONCELLOS DE VERÇOZA
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • SOSTENES ERICSON VICENTE DA SILVA
  • Data: Feb 4, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation deals with the salary contract, aiming to identify its nature and the function it performs for the exploration of labor in the capitalist production mode. We understand the wage contract as a distinctive legal mediation essential for the effectuation of the genuinely capitalist social relation of production. Only in the capitalist form of sociability does the exploration of labor operate through a contractual disguise. The contract celebrates the agreement apparently egalitarian between equal and free - workers and capitalists - to exchange equivalent commodities, that is, the exchange between labor power and money. Therefore, we understand that it contributes to the obscuring of the exploration of labor power in the bourgeois order. This work is presented as a theoretical-bibliographical research, based on critical social theory, and is divided into three sections. In the first, we discuss the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the salary contract, based on Hegel and Marx. In the second, we address the central elements of labor relations in pre-capitalist societies and their particularity in the capitalist mode of production, identifying, through the analysis of the process of primitive accumulation of capital, the historical-material foundations that gave rise to the emergence of wage labor; of the capitalist mode of production and of the contract to mediate the buying and selling relationship between capital and labor. In the last section, we seek to identify the essence of the salary contract, unveiling its functionality for the mystification of exploration in the sphere of circulation and, ahead, the limits of equality and bourgeois contractual freedom.

     

3
  • ANA MARIA MOURA ARAUJO
  • OVEREXPLORATION AND HEALTH: Contributions from the Marxist Theory of Dependency

  • Advisor : DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • LÚCIO VASCONCELLOS DE VERÇOZA
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • SOSTENES ERICSON VICENTE DA SILVA
  • Data: Feb 25, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • In this work, we consider the understanding that the reproduction of capital in dependent economies presents certain particularities and that these particularities are closely intertwined with the historical processes of maturation of developed capitalism – which took place within the scope of the world system. The main feature of the reproduction of capital in dependent economies considered here is the category of superexploitation of the labor force. Through it, we aim to understand how Latin American workers reproduce and what health conditions are found. The work is bibliographic research and is divided into three sections. The first of them, The theory of development and relations of dependency in Latin America, discusses – briefly – the main hypotheses of what is conventionally called development theory. The second, Latin American dependent capitalism, seeks to understand the dependent character of Latin American capitalism. And the third and last, The superexploitation of the labor force as health touchstone in dependent economies, relates the categories of superexploitation with health, to understand the consequences and mediations that Latin American workers, inserted in the dynamics of capitalist accumulation world, suffer.

4
  • NATSHA CAROLINE SIQUEIRA DE LIMA
  • .

  • Advisor : MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDRÉA ALICE RODRIGUES SILVA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • ELAINE CRISTINA PIMENTEL COSTA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • Data: Mar 28, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • .

5
  • MARIA ISABEL CORREIA DA SILVA
  • THE STRUCTURAL CRISIS OF CAPITAL AND SECOND ORDER MEDIATIONS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISTVÁN MÉSZÁROS
  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA GORETE RODRIGUES DE AMORIM
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Apr 12, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This work aims to analyze some of the theoretical contributions of the Hungarian philosopher István Mészáros regarding the Structural Crisis of Capital and the role of its second-order mediations in the maintenance and perpetuation of the capital system, denying a positive future for humanity. Mészáros demonstrates that the current model of social metabolism is based on the determinations imposed by the capital-relation that is irrational and uncontrollable, putting humanity before a fundamental question: either we take control of sociometabolism in a positive and conscious way, or humanity will follow towards an increasingly catastrophic scenario, leading to human barbarism. The present work is a theoretical-bibliographic research, based on critical social theory, being divided into two sections. In the first section, we seek to understand how the structural crisis of capital is configured and its absolute limits that it demands for historical actuality insurmountable contradictions within the limits of its order. In the second section, we recover the debate carried out by Mészáros (2006) about the theory of alienation, pointing to work as a historical specificity in the era of capital as the causal root of all forms of alienation. Based on this debate, we enter Mészáros' (2006, 2011) postulations about what he calls second-order mediations, configured as alienated mediations that elude and subjugate productive first-order ontological mediations as mediations that effectively contribute to the truly human construction . Therefore, we briefly enter and rescue some second-order mediations and highlight the hierarchical role that each plays over the primary mediations in the circular structure of the capital system, aiming at an increasingly high extraction of surplus value as the main objective. of the worker in an ever-increasing scale of accumulation and expansion, imposing on him an increasingly alienated and alienating reality.

     

    Key words: Capital, Capitalism, Structural Crisis, Alienation and Second-Order Mediations.
6
  • ANTONIO UGÁ NETO
  • State and Dependent capitalism

  • Advisor : CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • ZILAS NOGUEIRA DE QUEIROZ
  • Data: Apr 18, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The present research aims to understand the specificities of the State in dependent capitalism. The critique of political economy developed by Marx and Engels had as its object the understanding of the process of genesis, development, and crisis of bourgeois sociability. Although they recognized from the beginning the process of globalization of capitalism, the research developed in the Capital studied the general laws of the capital, based on the analysis of its most developed experience: England. The development of capitalism itself brought new challenges to Marxist criticism, at the beginning of the 20th century, for a trend of monopolization by theorists which already requires the development of new categories such as Imperialism. The analysis of Marxist authors of the time, such as Lenin and Rosa Luxemburg, focused precisely on the development of imperialist countries. The Marxist Theory of Dependence seeks to understand the development of capitalism in dependent countries by the usage of the Marxist method. The present research will be divided into two sections: primarily it will analyse the reproduction of capital's aspects and the political complex that develops from it; then it will study the reproduction of capital in the social formations of dependent capitalism and particularities of the State, demarcated by the conditions of dependence and superexploitation of the workforce.

7
  • LORRAINE MARIE FARIAS DE ARAUJO
  • ONTOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF RACISM AND REVOLT AGAINST CAPITAL
  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Jun 9, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the ontological foundation of racism, that is, its origin, nature and social function. We start from the Marxian method through the central category of totality, based on a social-historical ontology. Thus, the investigative path begins with the immanent analysis of chapters 24 and 25 of Capital, Book I, which deal, respectively, with the primitive accumulation of capital (16th to 18th century) and colonization, a period in which it places the origin of racism in time. The anatomy of capital reveals that racism has a bourgeois nature, as it was engendered during the genesis of capital accumulation, therefore, racism and capital are indivisible. The social function of racism is found in the process of dehumanization of racialized peoples, an observation made from Almeida (2018), Fanon (2008) and Césaire (2006), along with the Marxian letter. Racism unfolds in the revolt of the racialized. We scrutinize the revolt and resistance of racialized peoples against capital through aesthetic analysis, under the scrutiny of political economy critique, capoeira music, as well as the novel written by Condé (2020). We found that racism is a mechanism created by the bourgeoisie to intensify the process of exploitation, expropriation and decimation through the dehumanization of racialized people. This was created by the capital system and can only end with the destruction of this system and the construction of a sociability based on human emancipation.

     

8
  • JOSE ILSON LOURENCO DOS SANTOS
  • HOMOPHOBIA IN THE BRAZILIAN STATE VEIN: SUBJECTS, WEBS AND FRAMEWORKS

  • Advisor : ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDREA PACHECO DE MESQUITA
  • EDEN ERICK HILARIO TENORIO DE LIMA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • MARCOS RIBEIRO MESQUITA
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • Data: Sep 26, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The research addresses the intrinsic relationship between the Patriarchal Capitalist State and homophobia in terms of the participation of LGBTI+ subjects, in particular homosexual men, in the National Blood Policy. The general objective is to show this reality and with it, to show the forms of cessation of sexuality through normative devices that at all times seek to silence and marginalize those who flee from the social norms accepted and defended by bourgeois sociability: heteronormativity. It is assumed that oppression and exploitation are inseparable elements of the patriarchal capitalist mode of sociability and that in this scenario of blood donation, the State uses prejudice, discrimination and stigma in an architectural way. By finding the causal links in the relationship of these elements, arguments are outlined that indicate why the legal, technical and social mechanisms establish that the blood of these individuals is unworthy blood. Given the research problem, the theoretical framework was built through an exploratory bibliographic and documentary research, in the light of historical materialism, a method that allows a critical reading of the emergence of social oppression and exploitation. For this, the thesis is divided into three chapters. In the first, we seek to recover, in a panoramic way, significant historical elements for the debate on (homo)sexuality and the process of marginalization and control. In the second, it focuses on the intersection between stigma, prejudice and discrimination, used as mechanisms for maintaining norms and the current order. In the third, it is proposed, in the light of Marxist feminist productions, to (re)think the possibility of overcoming the Patriarchal Capitalist State and, with it, the elimination of expressions of oppression and exploitation. In this way, both in the academic and professional spheres, provoke a discussion that should be on the agenda, to contribute to an investigative and professional praxis that promotes the rights of all human beings on an equitable basis.

Thesis
1
  • MONICA REGINA NASCIMENTO DOS SANTOS
  • THE (IN)EQUALITY IN THE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION PROCESS IN THE SOCIOECONOMIC FORMATION OF BRAZIL

  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • LIGIA DOS SANTOS FERREIRA
  • MARIA EDNA DE LIMA BERTOLDO
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • ROBERTA SPERANDIO TRASPADINI
  • Data: Feb 22, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • In the pandemic context, the aggravation of the structural crisis of capital has generated, according to some economists, two movements worldwide: release of resources for social policies in countries with central capitalism, and the deepening of neoliberalism in countries with peripheral capitalism, with loss of rights through restrictive reforms, as part of the logic of uneven and combined development of imperialist-type social dynamics. This scenario has placed the issue of (in)equality on the agenda. From the perspective of political economy, the State and Law have been presented as the privileged locus to address solutions in this area. However, the onto-historical study - mediated by work - of Social Equality, as well as the function and social nature of the State and Law, reveals that only a given form of work can lead to substantive equality, especially in categories of analysis such as gender and race, thus, showing that the State as a personification of law, in promoting the form-subject of law, can only grant equality, in the limit, formal and abstract, therefore, a fetish. Thus, based on historical materialism, this thesis, the result of socially based bibliographic research, investigates the social (in)equality in the process of capital accumulation in the socioeconomic formation of Brazil, seeking to answer the following problem question: considering the (dis) social equality as a constitutive part of the social question and evaluating its onto-historical expressions, does social equality present itself as a historical impossibility? In this analytical process, three hypotheses were raised as investigative lines, namely: a) the materiality conditions on which men historically organize their existence, sustain the relationship: equality and inequality; b) the State and the Law, seen as the locus for promoting social equality, at the limit, promote a merely abstract formal equality that, however substantial it may be, will never be substantive; c) the social form of work organization determines the quantum, nature and social function of social equality. In order to try to encompass the totality of the researched object, within the limits of the proposed outline, the general objective of the thesis is to investigate the social (inequality) in the socioeconomic formation of Brazil, starting from its antecedents - trying to show its genesis - until reaching its rebates, in order to demonstrate how, through a set of mediations, these rebates slip to the present day. It is referenced in authors such as Marx (2017), Mészáros (2006), Carcanholo (2008), Bobbio (1997), Trindade (2010), Mascaro (2013), Clastres (1979), Leacock (2012), Federici (2004), Almeida (2018), Quijano (2005), Williams (1975), James (2010), Diop (2014), Ki-Zerbo (2010), Mokhtar (2010), among others, the thesis affirms the impossibility of social equality under the capital social relationship, therefore, only the associated work is capable of ensuring a truly substantive equality.

2
  • ALINE SOARES NOMERIANO
  • The advance of the phenomenon of financialization in Brazilian higher education in times of structural capital crisis

  • Advisor : MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • VALDEMARIN COELHO GOMES
  • Data: Mar 29, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • Based on the structural crisis of capital, there is a context of accumulation with predominance of finance, supported by the triad: productive restructuring, neoliberalism and financialization. In this sense, from the 1970s onwards, surplus profits not reinvested in industrial production began to migrate to other sectors, especially services. In the case of peripheral capitalist countries such as Brazil, the process of financialization of social areas is highlighted with higher education, from the expansion and massification of this segment in the private sphere. Thus, this study aims to investigate the phenomenon of financialization in the current context of the structural crisis of capital and the consequences of this process in Brazilian private-mercantile higher education. The investigation presented here is of a theoretical nature with bibliographic research referenced from the perspective of Marxian ontology, of a historical-dialectical character. To this end, its main theoretical contribution was the contributions of Marx (1985, 1986, 1996); Lukacs (1978, 2018); Engels (1987); Lenin (2012, 2017); Mészáros (2002, 2003, 2008); Tonet (2005, 2012, 2013); Alves (2011a, 2011b, 2016); Antunes (2003, 2005); Chesnais (1996, 2000, 2005); Harvey (1996, 2005, 2008); Leher (1998, 2010); Paulani (2005, 2006, 2009); Chaves (2010, 2019, 2020); Sguissardi (2008, 2015), among others. By analyzing the consequences of financialization in Brazilian private-mercantile higher education, this thesis shows that, as long as we are under the yoke of capital, education and other social complexes will continue to represent lucrative commodities without limits in the forms of commodification incorporated. Therefore, the interests of capital profitability can always lead it to migrate to other areas, according to the intensification of the structural crisis and the search for more attractive rates for capitalist accumulation. At the end of this study, we leave another important reflection: the State does not have the role of reversing the presented financialization picture, on the contrary, the State represents the dominant class, being the complementary command structure of capital. Regardless of the instance in which it operates - public or private - its nature is the same. If capital is uncontrollable, so is the pursuit of profitability, and the State will always be ready to make life easier for capital, supporting it in the task of investing in new market niches and further expropriating the field of work.

3
  • MAYRA DE QUEIROZ BARBOSA
  • WORK, EDUCATION AND EMANCIPATION: TOWARDS A CRITIQUE OF EMANCIPATORY EDUCATION

  • Advisor : EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • MARIA SUSANA VASCONCELOS JIMENEZ
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Mar 31, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The present aim is to analyze the foundations of emancipatory education from the Marxian-Lukacsian theoretical framework. The course of our examination starts from the Marxian categories that affect the apprehension of our object, namely: work, as a founding category of the world of men; the social complex of education; and political and human emancipation. Notably, one thesis has as theoretical reference the Social Theory of Karl Marx and the work of Georg Lukács For the Ontology of Social Being, and other authors of the Marxist tradition, such as: Friedrich Engels, Rosa Luxemburg, Mariano Fernández Enguita, István Mézáros, José Paulo Netto, Marcelo Braz, Sérgio Lessa, Ivo Tonet, among others. We also look at authors who historically rescue education in different social formations, such as Lúcia Aranha, Carlota Boto, Franco Cambi, Mário Manacorda, Aníbal Ponce and Dermeval Saviani. Based on the methodological assumptions of this framework, the thesis rescues the centrality of the category of work within social reproduction, pointing out that work, as a primary category that founds the world of men, allows the emergence of new complexes within the formation of social beings. second-order social, such as education, which has an ontological dependence and relative autonomy in relation to work. The apprehension of this determination allowed us to point out, in ontological terms, that the genesis, social function and ontological structure of the social complex of education are not to be confused with the category of work, which conforms to an ontologically revolutionary category. In this approach, the thesis emphasizes the importance of apprehending the interaction established between work and education with the categories of political and human emancipation, in the sense of apprehending it through the political experiences that spanned the 18th to the 20th century and in the elaboration of different proposals and theoretical productions from Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat – Marquis de Condorcet; by Louis-Michel Le Peletier, by Vladimir Lenin, by Nadejda Krupskaya, by Antonio Gramsci, by Theodor Adorno and Paulo Freire, elements that support, at the same time, the defense and construction of an emancipatory education, precisely based on the assumptions of universality , equality, freedom, secularism, gratuity and the public/state. Through the analysis of these experiences and elaborations, it is indicated that there is a duality regarding the direction given to emancipatory education, which in our thesis we call: humanly emancipatory education founded and guided by human emancipation, which is based on a new form of work - work associate; second, a politically emancipatory education, which preserves emancipatory elements within it, however, has its limits in political emancipation and, therefore, in wage labor and in the division between manual and intellectual work, its foundations. Supported by the Marxian-Lukácsian ontological investigation, it is pointed out that the construction of an emancipatory education within the scope of the capitalist order has its raison d'être in the bourgeois political emancipation. Because of this condition, the construction of a humanely emancipatory education requires, in ontological terms, the full expression of the social complex of education within the human race. An education that truly takes place based on a new and radical form of universality, equality, integrality and freedom towards omnilateral formation. It is argued that only under a new and radical form of sociability based on truly universal, free, conscious and collective work is it possible, necessary and compatible with a humanly emancipatory education.


4
  • GLADSON ROSAS HAURADOU
  • THE 'HEALTH" BEHIND MINERAL EXPLORATION IN THE AMAZON

  • Advisor : MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • JOSE MENEZES GOMES
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA LUCIA MARTINELLI
  • JÚLIO CESAR SCHWEICKARDT
  • MÁRCIA IRENE ANDRADE MAVIGNIER
  • Data: Apr 25, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis intends to unveil the system of mediations that shape the "health-disease process" under the veil of large-scale mining projects in a "rural community" in the Brazilian Amazon in the Lower Amazon mesoregion in the extreme west of the state of Pará , (border with the state of Amazonas). Through Case Study, Oral History Methodology and other data acquisition techniques with a qualitative bias (without disregarding the quantitative dimension), it takes as one of its bases the reports of members (directors) of the Association of Communities in the Region of Juruti Velho – ACORJUVE in Vila de Muirapinima collected through field research during the months of October, November and December 2020. The analysis is anchored in the perspective of Marx (1996), and of Marxist authors, according to which there is a social determination of the “health-disease process”. From this perspective, it is argued that the presence of the mining company in the location triggered a set of changes/transformations that condition/determine the way of being of “health” in loco, given the preponderance of its economic dimension over other social and production relations in the region. This preponderance is related to the current stage of capitalist development and the continuous conversion of the “Amazon” into a frontier of extractive exploitation in tune with the organic profitability of contemporary capitalism in crisis.

     

5
  • UELBER BARBOSA SILVA
  • Ideology in Lukács' Ontology

  • Advisor : SERGIO AFRANIO LESSA FILHO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • MARIA GORETE RODRIGUES DE AMORIM
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • SERGIO AFRANIO LESSA FILHO
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Apr 26, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis aimed to analyze the social complex of ideology. The thesis is the product of an immanent investigation, in an initial phase, of the Prolegomena to the ontology of the social being and of To the ontology of the social being, mainly the chapter The ideal and ideology, by Georg Lukács. Thus, the interest of this research was situated in capturing, in Lukács' exposition, the genesis and social function of ideology and the place occupied by it within the totality of social being. The defense undertaken in this exposition is that, for the author of Ontology, what defines ideology is its dual social function, which can be correctly apprehended only in its historical-concrete determination. It started from the assumption that, for Lukács, ideology is a universal categorical complex of the social being, which acts as that form of intellectual elaboration of reality, which serves to make the social praxis of human beings conscious and capable of action, while it is also the mediation of the social struggles that characterize class societies.

6
  • JAQUELINE LIMA DA SILVA
  • The work of the social worker as a form of salaried work: an analysis based on the critique of Political Economy

  • Advisor : ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • MOEMA AMÉLIA SERPA LOPES DE SOUZA
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • Data: Aug 30, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The text presented for the purpose of the thesis qualification exam deals with the preliminary results of the research on "The work of the social worker as a form of salaried work: an analysis based on the critique of Political Economy", in progress in the Doctorate of Postgraduate Program in Social Work (PPGSS-UFAL). The ongoing investigation intends to respond to the following research problem: How is the social worker's salaried work, considered, in general, as a form of unproductive work, characterized, and what are the trends that present themselves in relation to the productivist logic in state services and the interrelation that whether it settles between productive and unproductive forms of work? In this sense, the objective of the research is to analyze the configuration of the work of the social worker as a specifically capitalist form of work, considering that, as a salaried worker, the social worker has as a social function the provision of services that constitute, essentially, as a form of unproductive work, as necessary and integral activities in the production and reproduction process of capital. The research methodology consists of bibliographic and documentary studies. The theoretical frameworks express a critical historical understanding of social reality, based on Marxian theory. The empirical data refer to the particularities of the expansion of the Brazilian public service labor market within the scope of the Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (Federal Network of Professional Education), in order to demonstrate how the form of salaried work of social workers is configured. The organizational structure of this study contains: an introduction, which presents the state of the art and the delimitation of the thesis object, and two more sections that deal, respectively, with wage labor in capitalism, its particularities in the production of material goods and in the provision of services and an analysis of unproductive salaried work in the Brazilian public service, and the particularities of Social Work in the Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education and the conclusions. Our analytical hypothesis is that, as the social worker is, fundamentally, an unproductive worker, considered as a necessary cost for the capitalist mode of production, there are trends that point to a process of devaluation of the workforce in the context of public and private services, that occur through changes in the organizational structure of work and that allow both the maintenance of unproductive work and the introduction of mechanisms that favor, to some extent, the use of forms of productive work, mediated by the commodification of state services, with the purpose reducing the costs generated by the form of unproductive work. In this context, the initial conclusions point out that the work of the social worker as a form of paid work is linked to the emergence of the profession that is already born inserted in a wage-earning relationship, in monopoly capitalism. We believe that in order to understand the fundamentals of the social worker's work, it is necessary to situate him in this relationship as an inherent part of the capitalist social form, analyzing him from the theory of value in Marx. Therefore, we consider that the content of the work is distinct from the content of Social Work. For, while work has the function of producing material goods, Social Work has the function of providing services, whose content is not material. But both work and Social Work are useful for the process of production and reproduction of capital.

7
  • EVERTON MELO DA SILVA
  • BRAZILIAN STATE “NO ILLUSIONS”: the destructive tendency of the state apparatus in its relations with nature and society

  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • DANIELA NEVES DE SOUSA
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • MARIA DAS GRAÇAS E SILVA
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • NAILSA MARIA SOUZA ARAÚJO
  • Data: Sep 8, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The present thesis has as its theme the Brazilian State and socio-environmental destruction in the context of the military-business regime and neoliberalism. The object of study was to deal with the destructive relationship of the Brazilian State with nature and society operated by infrastructure works that boosted the economic development of the capital system, especially in the Amazon Region. The aim of the thesis was to demystify the analyzes of those who harbor illusions about the Brazilian State as a protector and conservator of nature and a defender of a “balanced” environment for society. Through the historical-dialectical materialist method, we capture the particularities of the Brazilian State, comprising the reciprocal articulation of coexistence between the material base (capital) and the political-legal-legal sphere (State) in the Brazilian economic formation and the demands of international capital from the perspective of the global totality, in addition to the foundations of ecology and the “environmental question” anchored in Marxian thought and in the Marxist tradition. We analyzed the socio-environmental impacts caused by the state works Transamazon, Tucuruí Hydroelectric Power Plant, Grande Carajás Project, Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant and Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, and the harmful effects of the unrestrained release of pesticides. The results indicate that the Brazilian State is one of the main agents of destruction of nature's biodiversity, on a large scale in the Amazon region, and of society, causing socio-environmental damage, reinforcing our assertion of the destructive tendency of the state apparatus in its relations with nature and society.

8
  • FERNANDO DE ARAUJO BIZERRA
  • STATUS AND EXPROPRIATIONS: A VITAL RELATIONSHIP TO THE SYSTEM OF CAPITAL

  • Advisor : REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • MARIA AUGUSTA TAVARES
  • Cézar Henrique Miranda Coelho Maranhão
  • DANIELA NEVES DE SOUSA
  • Data: Oct 21, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis aims to analyze the relationship between the State and expropriations in the capitalist
    system, explaining its ontological foundations and some of its concrete historical expressions. To
    make it possible, from a theoretical-methodological point of view, an investigation was carried out in
    bibliographic sources, resorting to classic and contemporary authors affected by the materialist
    ontological perspective, and in documents published by official bodies and institutions. The thread of
    the reflection that follows apprehends that – the State, a particular complex that, by its very nature,
    protects private property and politically controls the socio-metabolic order – is inseparable from the
    expropriation of collectively produced and privately appropriated wealth to sustain domination and the
    particular interests of a class, triggering a web of clashes and resistances. In the course of the
    exposition, the central argument is defended that the State, using the most diverse means, acts in the
    field of class struggle in order to facilitate, stimulate and legitimize the expropriations that constitute a
    condition of existence and reproduction expansion of capital, guaranteeing to a minority the social
    monopoly of modern private property. The research, whose results are didactically condensed into
    three chapters, brings to light the expropriation processes connected to the imperative search for the
    valorization of value and demonstrates how the State complements the capital's sociometabolism;
    when approaching expropriations as a permanent product of the current society, it points out the state
    mechanisms used to preserve and recreate them in changing historical circumstances; presents the
    repercussions of expropriations that negatively affect the daily lives of thousands of individuals in
    different regions of the world, especially with unemployment and poverty. The appreciation of the
    material studied shows, in short, that the different expropriations that have the full support of the State
    occur in harmony with the self-expanding needs of capital. It also shows that the expropriations
    carried out in the dynamism of capital are absolutely inconceivable without the direct or indirect
    intervention of the State.

9
  • RENALVO CAVALCANTE SILVA
  • FICTIONAL CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC CRISES: FINANCIAL DOMINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTEMPORARY CAPITALISM
  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • GEORGIA SOBREIRA DOS SANTOS CEA
  • JOSIANE SOARES SANTOS
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • MARIA DE LOURDES ROLEMBERG MOLLO
  • Data: Nov 17, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • Marx assesses, at the beginning of Capital, that the wealth of society in the capitalist mode of production is based on a collection of commodities that seeks to satisfy human needs of any kind, regardless of whether the satisfaction will meet the needs of the stomach or the imagination, or even if the commodity will be used for the direct usufruct of the person who acquired it or as a means of production for other commodities. Marx intends to expose the secrets of the commodity that will reveal the economic structure of capitalist society. In the same work, the German thinker already mentions the credit system, public debt, the stock market and a banking development that will give rise to a class of idle rentiers who obtain their gains from loans to groups of functioning capitalists and to the State itself, forming a financial aristocracy that constitutes a parasitic wealth. However, in book III of Capital, he admits that fictitious capital financial securities are also commodities traded in a specific market and relatively insubordinate to the production of real wealth. This means that the fetishism achieved with the development of finance capital reaches its maximum potency when it manages to create a type of commodity that rebels against the real process of capital appreciation. The financial domination of contemporary capitalism appears as a counter-tendency measure to crises, which reappear in the future with more intensifying and destructive aspects. In order to achieve the objective of our studies, a bibliographic research was carried out, having dialectical materialism as the guiding method for understanding the movement of reality, capable of mediating the relationship between consciousness and effective concrete. Furthermore, we have as main theoretical references Marx, Chesnais, Hilferding, Bukharin, Harvey, Coggiola, Grespan, Carcanholo, Mollo, Nakatani, Sabadini etc. The thesis is divided into three sections, which deal with fundamental categories for the development of research, both to understand the genesis of fictitious capital and to understand the developments that led to financialized capitalism. The first section deals with the commodity, the theory of value in Capital and interest-bearing capital. The second section discusses the foundations of fictitious capital and the capitalist crises that unfolded in the concentration and centralization of capital in monopoly capitalism, with important consequences that determined the globalization of capital in the 1970s/1980s. In the third section, we analyze the result of decades of capitalist overaccumulation and the consequences of the US break with the Bretton Woods agreement, allowing speculative orgies and the global casino to be free to create fictitious wealth. It is concluded that from an ontological analysis of fictitious capital, its origin depended on the formation of interest-bearing capital, in the same way that interest-bearing capital had its ontogenesis in the relations of abstract labor in the production of goods. The attempt to transform the financial system into the guardian of capitalist interests has only led to the misery and destruction of humanity, leaving no alternative but human extinction or the overcoming of capital.

10
  • VICENTE JOSE BARRETO GUIMARAES
  • The (un)reason in a time of hopelessness: burguese reactionism as a sense of life

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Nov 25, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • Reason; Irrationalism; Capital; Marxism; Philosophy.

    The aim of this thesis lies in the purpose of its title to announce the unreason in times of hopelessness. The process of dehumanization is allocated on the agenda, which the current civilizing model only deepens. To this end, it begins by seeking to apprehend how explanatory models about the world were constructed in the Greek-medieval period, considering the particularities of historical times, its truths, and its values. Next, we seek to understand the development of the Enlightenment reason as an integral part of the great economic, social and political project of the bourgeoisie, in the universalization of its values, as well as the legitimation of the new explanatory models of the world, marked by private property, wage labor and the irrevocable defense of the individual's freedom. Finally, we sought to assimilate the determinants of how the post-1848 bourgeoisie placed itself as a counterrevolutionary class, leading it to a process of ideological decay, which, according to Lukács, was an international phenomenon and not just a particular event in Germany, considered the main stage of the production of reactionary ideology. The thesis concludes by stating that thinking about the rationality or irrationalism of all men, is to think about how the action of all these individuals was being forged by the objective conditions of everyday life. The unreason and hopelessness of the world in the 21st century, where we are filled with enterprising Sisyphus lost in their particular infinity, further enlarge meaningless life. A life of superficiality, a life of manipulated consumption of capital. The rupture of this scenario is linked to the answer that humanity may come to give before the following question: barbarism or socialism?

11
  • ISLANIA LIMA DA ROCHA
  • HISTORICAL BASES OF CONSERVATISM IN BRAZILIAN SOCIAL WORK: the configuration of conservative thinking in the process of preserving the capitalist order

  • Advisor : EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ALBANI DE BARROS
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • MÔNICA BARROS DA NOBREGA
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • SILVANA MARCIA DE ANDRADE MEDEIROS
  • Data: Nov 29, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This doctoral thesis discusses the foundations that made conservatism a structural feature of capitalist society and its relationship with social work in the process of preserving the bourgeois order. The objective of the study is to understand the social and economic relations that formed the basis for the constitution of conservatism and its insertion in the ideological and cultural aspects of the reproduction of class society, impacting a conservative offensive in social work that intensifies given the recent political and ideological scenario in Brazil. The bibliographic review was the methodology used in the research process, based on Marx's method from a historical, critical and dialectical analysis, taking as a methodological resource the immanent analysis of the texts used. Conservatism is understood here as a result of the ideological decay of the bourgeoisie, when it abandoned its revolutionary perspective and absorbed an anti-proletarian stance. This thought shows an irrationalism that marks an opposition and a refusal of materialism, becoming an ideological framework to sustain bourgeois domination. Bringing the discussion to the Brazilian reality, it is evident that the process of the country's socio-historical formation was a privileged locus for the structuring of conservative thinking in Brazil and for the constitution of its dominant moral values. Thus, the presupposition of this research is that the advance of conservatism in Brazil maintains an intrinsic relationship with the power structures established in the country, during its socio-historical formation process, and which last until the present time, perpetuating social and material relations that condition the reproduction of the capitalist order. This thesis shows that the advance of the multiple expressions of conservatism in social work, as a historically determined profession, points to a tension in the theoretical-critical debate within it, reflecting in the presentation of postmodern neoconservative trends that will cause inflections in its scopes ideological and political, since it affects professional training and professional practice, implying the regression of professional culture, compromising the implementation of their professional project and emptying the historical-critical perspective.

12
  • VIVIANE MEDEIROS DOS SANTOS
  •  

    THE PROTAGONISM OF THE STATE IN THE EXPANSION AND PROFITABILITY OF THE PRIVATE HEALTH SECTOR: 
    the parasitism of the private sector to the SUS
  • Advisor : MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDREA PACHECO DE MESQUITA
  • JOSE MENEZES GOMES
  • JOSEANE BARBOSA DE LIMA
  • MARIA INÊS SOUZA BRAVO
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • SILVANA MARCIA DE ANDRADE MEDEIROS
  • Data: Dec 12, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This thesis aims to analyze the role of the State in favoring the expansion and profitability of the private health sector, in the context of financialization of capital, after the corporate-legal-parliamentary coup of 2016. It seeks to understand the dispute of the public fund by different fractions of capitalists in the health sector and how the Brazilian State has made these processes possible, highlighting the analysis from Temer's administration on. To achieve the proposed objective, from the theoretical and methodological point of view, we used bibliographical research based on classical and contemporary authors who are representatives of the critical historical tradition. Documentary research was also one of the methodologies used to reach the objectives through the analysis of the legislation related to this policy, besides the Federal Government's database, as well as other data sources from printed and electronic research.  The research started from an analysis of the formation and organization of the State, focusing on the Modern State in the framework of bourgeois society and its function in the process of production and reproduction of capital. Throughout the exposition, the process of organization of the financial capital and its expressions in contemporary capitalism is highlighted. In the scope of the research, the spreading of the financial sphere is evidenced, shaped in the process of counter-reform of the State, which in turn impacts social policies. The focus of this research is health policy in this context. In Brazil, it has been observed that the State counter-reform processes, underway since the 1990s, have had negative repercussions on the consolidation of the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), according to the precepts defended by the Sanitary Reform Project of the 1980s. On the other hand, the Privatist Project of neoliberal character has been strengthened by the State. The appreciation of the researched material evidenced that the State acts through its juridical-political and economic apparatus in favoring and legalizing the privatization and mercantilization processes of the health policy, in which the most evident expression occurs in the transfer of the public fund to the different fractions of capitalists in the health area.

2021
Dissertations
1
  • FREDERICO FERNANDO MOISES LAMBERTUCCI
  • A study on Historicity in chapters III and IV of Lukács Ontology.

  • Advisor : SERGIO AFRANIO LESSA FILHO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • JOSÉ DERIBALDO GOMES DOS SANTOS
  • SERGIO AFRANIO LESSA FILHO
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • Data: May 14, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • This work aims to apprehend the constitutive nucleus of Lukács' discussion about historicity in the work of G. Lukács. Specifically its discussion held in chapters III and IV of the historical part in volume 13 of “For the ontology of the social being”. We understand a construction of the theme, since we have that the entire construction of Lukács on historicity constitutes the nervous center of the work. Whence Lukács recovers the fundamentals of the possibility of communism. Humanity makes its history and this nucleus is about demonstrating why it means. Here, too, that fundamental distinction between the previous ontologies and the Marxian one, defended by Lukács. The reality is historical, even if it is not indeterminate.

2
  • LUANA CAVALCANTE PINHO
  • THE FUNDAMENTALS OF DEBATE POLITICS: discussion from a Marxist perspective

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • MARIA VALERIA COSTA CORREIA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Jul 30, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • This study problematizes the conception that lasts until our days that the State would be the instrument of class conciliation through politics. Our reflection begins with work as the foundation of sociability, showing that each form of production organization establishes a form of society that is its image and similarity. We will then reach the crossroads in the history where private property is constituted, showing that from it onwards society is divided into antagonistic fundamental classes, where producers are grouped on one side and owners on the other. From the institution of social classes, the State is formed as an instrument that condenses political power to maintain unequal production relations, its raison d'être, at levels susceptible to self-reproduction. In this discussion, we will go through capitalist society and its fruitless policies for social problems that it engenders, as well as defending the need to overcome private property and, consequently, the State as an effective solution for those problems. Finally, we will address the issue of political emancipation and human emancipation, highlighting their differences and the field of possibilities that each opens for humanity. 

Thesis
1
  • TATIANA LYRA LIMA FELIX
  • UNEMPLOYMENT IN MARX AND ITS RESIZING IN THE FRAGMENTATION OF WORK IN THE 21ST CENTURY

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • DANIEL ARTHUR LISBOA DE VASCONCELOS
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • MARIA LUCIA MACHADO ARANHA
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • SERGIO DANIEL GIANNA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Dec 21, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • This study aims to present unemployment in Marx, in the scope of the current fragmentation of work. Therefore, it analyzes the ontological foundations of work and the division of labor, situating work as an activity that will never disappear, a universal category, even with all the technological development that is currently experienced. It points out the ontological aspect of work with history, placing work from its beginnings to class societies, showing that, without ceasing to exercise centrality in social reproduction, work is metamorphosing into abstract work, into alienated work. This clarifies the difference between the naturally determined division of labor, that is, that division of labor in which the labor process was carried out by the tribe or family, to the division of labor in class societies and, in particular, in capitalism. It situates the specificity of work in capitalist production, where abstract work is distinguished from the bases of work in the ontological sense. Thus, it demystifies the idea that there is an identity between work and employment, showing the structure of professions within productive and unproductive work of added value. It emphasizes capitalist production, by historically placing the primitive accumulation of capital within the scope of manufacturing cooperation, machinery to large industry. Based on Marx's general law of capitalist accumulation, it highlights changes in production and their effects on work. It presents the formation of an industrial reserve army and relative overpopulation in the historical setting of the 19th century English Industrial Revolution. Thus, it exposes the objective bases that found unemployment in capitalist society. It emphasizes the dimension of unemployment in the management process in capitalist production from the 20th century onwards. It makes it clear that flexible accumulation intensifies the contradictions in the labor sphere, raising unemployment to a global dimension. It discusses changes in managerial production and their effects on French workers in the particularity of Peugeot factories. It elucidates the chronic dimension of unemployment from the 1970s onwards, at a time when capitalism reached a crisis of structural proportions that affected the world, aggravating the contradictions in the absolute limits of capital. It considers the neo-imperialist and neoliberal policy as a political-economic strategy to intensify the accumulation of transnational financial capital through privatization, increased flexibility and job insecurity, unemployment and underemployment. It exposes work in the 21st century and the consequences, trends and perspectives of unemployment in the face of the advance of artificial technology. Finally, it brings Marx back to affirm that it is possible to apprehend unemployment in the light of his teachings, demonstrating its relevance and the alternative of overcoming unemployment beyond the absolute limits of capital. 

2020
Dissertations
1
  • KAROLINE LÚCIA SANTOS CUNHA
  • RACISM: AN APPROACH TO MATERIAL BASES

  • Advisor : EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • VALDENICE JOSÉ RAIMUNDO
  • Data: Feb 20, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The present master’s dissertation entitled Racism: an approach to the material bases results from the research process on the theme of racial problems. Its central axis is the search for the material bases of racism with a view to unveiling its material strength as a social complex in the soil of the sociability of capital, when it emerges surrounded by prejudiced manifestations against black people in different forms of slavery in antiquity that was not supported by racial issues. Manifestations closely linked to social relations based on the exploitation of slave labor created in the process of capital expansion through the constitution of the colonies that marked the emergence of societies, not only, but especially in the Americas. It exposes the theme in productions by renowned authors, discussing its interpretations through critical elaborations based on the thoughts of Karl Marx and György Lukács whose tendencies identify the emergence of socially effective subjective manifestations on the economic-material basis. The perspective is to seek the foundations of racism in the material bases that forge the modern sociability that generates slavery and its particular form of exploitation of black labor, unveiling historical aspects of capitalist production under this domain and questioning the possibility of racism constitutes the foundation of society. 

2
  • SAMYRA SANTOS MARTINS
  • SUBORDINATION FROM AGRICULTURE TO CAPITAL: transformations of agricultural production in capitalist sociability

  • Advisor : MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • CICERO FERREIRA DE ALBUQUERQUE
  • Data: Mar 4, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The present study aims to investigate the transformations of agricultural production in the capitalist society, observing the process of subordination of agriculture to capital. The expropriation of the peasantry from its land base and the transition from feudal and clan ownership to private ownership, made agriculture increasingly indispensable for capital accumulation. Since its origin,  agriculture has not focused on the production of goods, but this occurs from the separation of direct producers from their means of production, driven by rural wage labor and deprived of any conditions of subsistence and  production.  The  genesis  of  these  transformations  occurs  from  the  primitive accumulation of capital and is intensified with the agricultural mechanization arising from  the  Industrial  Revolution. Thus, adopting a historical-critical perspective as a methodological procedure, a bibliographical and documentary survey of Marxian and Marxist  works  was  carried  out  that  point  out  the  transformations  in  agricultural production. Among the authors used as reference, it is worth mentioning: K. Marx, F. Engels, V. Lenin, R. Luxemburgo, Kautsky, among others. For that, we investigated in the first moment the difference of work and agriculture in the creation of use value versus exchange value, aiming to elucidate the function of work and agriculture. In the next section, we investigate the historical conditions of subordination of agriculture to capital, from the genesis of primitive accumulation to the Industrial Revolution, highlighting the transformation of the natural economy in the face of the expropriations of the peasants, the destruction of the rural domestic household trade, the leasing of land, mechanization in the field and spoliation of the colonies. Finally, we investigated agriculture  in  the  imperialist  phase,  in  view  of  the  need  for  capital  accumulation, showing how this process intensifies the relations of expropriations in the countryside from the diffusion of technological packages of the "Green Revolution", production of  "biofuels" etc. From this investigation, we found that the subordination of agriculture to capital is a permanent process of transforming natural economies into capitalists, being carried out through new-old forms of expropriation of peasants in order to meet the uncontrollable desire of capital for more- worth.
3
  • SAMYRA SANTOS MARTINS
  • THE SUBORDINATION OF AGRICULTURE TO CAPITAL: transformations of agricultural production in capitalist sociability

  • Advisor : MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • CICERO FERREIRA DE ALBUQUERQUE
  • Data: Mar 4, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The present study aims to investigate the transformations of agricultural production in the capitalist society, observing the process of subordination of agriculture to capital. The expropriation of the peasantry from its land base and the transition from feudal and clan ownership to private ownership, made agriculture increasingly indispensable for capital accumulation. Since its origin, agriculture has not focused on the production of goods, but this occurs from the separation of direct producers from their means of production, driven by rural wage labor and deprived of any conditions of subsistence and production. The genesis of these transformations occurs from the primitive accumulation of capital and is intensified with the agricultural mechanization arising from the Industrial Revolution. Thus, adopting a historical-critical perspective as a methodological procedure, a bibliographical and documentary survey of Marxian and Marxist works was carried out that point out the transformations in agricultural production. Among the authors used as reference, it is worth mentioning: K. Marx, F. Engels, V. Lenin, R. Luxemburgo, Kautsky, among others. For that, we investigated in the first moment the difference of work and agriculture in the creation of use value versus exchange value, aiming to elucidate the function of work and agriculture. In the next section, we investigate the historical conditions of subordination of agriculture to capital, from the genesis of primitive accumulation to the Industrial Revolution, highlighting the transformation of the natural economy in the face of the expropriations of the peasants, the destruction of the rural domestic household trade, the leasing of land, mechanization in the field and spoliation of the colonies. Finally, we investigated agriculture in the imperialist phase, in view of the need for capital accumulation, showing how this process intensifies the relations of expropriations in the countryside from the diffusion of technological packages of the "Green Revolution", production of "biofuels" etc. From this investigation, we found that the subordination of agriculture to capital is a permanent process of transforming natural economies into capitalists, being carried out through new-old forms of expropriation of peasants in order to meet the uncontrollable desire of capital for more- worth.

4
  • EDIANE MARIA DOS SANTOS
  • THE FUNCTION OF THE MILITARY - INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN THE REPRODUCTION OF THE CAPITAL SYSTEM

  • Advisor : ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARTUR BISPO DOS SANTOS NETO
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • ARUA SILVA DE LIMA
  • Data: Apr 3, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The present study investigates the role of the Military-Industrial Complex in the reproduction of the capital system. With the purpose of clarifying the particularity of the Military-Industrial Complex and pointing out how this Complex constitutes an essential vector of the developed economies in the perspective of ensuring the survival of the capital system from the period that starts at the end of the 19th century until the present day. It is intended to apprehend the fundamentals and the main connections of this relationship that will make it possibl e to accompany the rise and possible crisis of the American power and its Military Complex responsible for great impact on the world economic balance, mainly, with a new phase of global hegemonic imperialism. At a time when the United States will also be a ble to feel the systemic contradictions that affect the capital system, there are signs of a decline in its power, even if the absorption of the surplus by the consumption of the military merchandise of the industrial military complex meets the destructive imperatives expanded self-realization of capital. Approach the theses elaborated by Karl Marx, which contributed to apprehend the materialist perspective of history. Through research, we managed to understand the relationship between the complexes, since, among the complexes that make up the social totality, there are branched interactions that can explain their functioning, the efficiency of their reproduction and their contribution to the accumulation and expansion of capital. For a better understanding of the Military-Industrial Complex and of the essential economic categories surrounding this complex, we will use the valuable reflection left by István Mészáros in his work Beyond the Capital. We also
    analyzed the contribution of other Marxian and Marxist authors, such as Rosa Luxemburgo, Lenin, José Paulo Netto, Eric Hobsbawm, David Harvey etc., as a decisive scientific production to capture the foundations of the referred complex, thus operating also a process of elucidation of the existing relationship between State and Capital.

5
  • RAQUEL DOS SANTOS
  • SISTEMA PRISIONAL BRASILEIRO NO SÉCULO XXI: segregação social e criminalização da pobreza 


  • Advisor : MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ELAINE CRISTINA PIMENTEL COSTA
  • ELVIRA SIMOES BARRETTO
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • Data: May 8, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • Esta pesquisa trata sobre a história das prisões brasileiras como espaço de segregação social e criminalização da pobreza, tendo como objetivo desvelar a funcionalidade das prisões na sociedade capitalista como instrumento de controle social, repressão e vigilância das “classes subalternas” marginalizadas. O estudo foi realizado mediante pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, utilizando como referencial teórico autores como: Marx, Engles, Wacquant, Melossi; Pavarini, Lemos, Torres, Pastana, entre outros com o intuito de compreender as casas de correção, desde o processo de acumulação primitiva às prisões modernas como pena privativa de liberdade, controle penal do Estado para vigilância, contenção das pessoas marginalizadas e funcional para reprodução das desigualdades sociais e manutenção do capital. Com isso, a prisão é considerada como instituição contraditória que se desenvolve junto à formação do sistema capitalista e aguça sua intervenção com o avanço desse modo de produção, haja vista que o cárcere se concentra principalmente na população pobre “desviante” da ordem social, ou seja, os que cometeram crimes contra a propriedade privada, à vida e ligados ao tráfico de drogas. Desde sua origem, o cárcere expressa um instrumento coercitivo do Estado e saída para o problema da criminalidade, miséria, e esse fenômeno é presente, principalmente, nos países de capitalismo dependente como o Brasil, ocupando a terceira posição no ranking em encarceramento em massa no mundo, conforme os relatórios nacionais e internacionais. Para tanto, os dados do Levantamento Nacional de Informações Penitenciarias e o órgão do Ministério da Justiça demonstram que o aumento do aprisionamento é o reverso do modelo neoliberal, marcado pela classe, raça e território. Compreende-se que essa onda seletiva e punitiva passa a ser consolidada por uma política criminal contraditória e excludente em que a intensificação da força repressora do Estado recai na população pobre marginalizada. Assim, a prisão se revela funcional à ordem burguesa, por isso, a necessidade de pensar em uma sociedade sem prisão para pôr fim ao estado de barbárie no cárcere.

6
  • FRANCISCO CARLOS RIBEIRO DOS SANTOS
  • A FUNÇÃO EDUCATIVA NO SERVIÇO SOCIAL: Uma abordagem ontológica

  • Advisor : CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • CLARISSA TENORIO MARANHAO RAPOSO
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Jul 17, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • A dissertação ora apresentada se insere na linha de pesquisa “Questão Social, Direitos Sociais e Serviço Social” do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social – nível mestrado – da Universidade Federal de Alagoas e tem como objeto de estudo a função educativa no Serviço Social. O ponto de partida é o reconhecimento de que o Serviço Social, através das políticas sociais, desenvolve uma ação profissional que resulta na internalização de conhecimentos, comportamentos, habilidades, valores à vida cotidiana da classe trabalhadora. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar em que consiste a função educativa na profissão, buscando compreender qual sentido de sua funcionalidade na sociedade capitalista e qual conteúdo educativo o constitui. Fundamentado na perspectiva histórico-crítica, esta dissertação compreende um levantamento bibliográfico-documental das obras marxianas e marxistas que abordam os temas relacionados à educação e ao Serviço Social. Analisa a educação como práxis social fundada no trabalho, captando as mediações que articulam o sentido de educar, para além da prática escolar ou de instrução técnico-profissional, em particular como permeia em outras dimensões sociais, inclusive, no exercício profissional de algumas profissões, como no Serviço Social. Além da função social que cumpre o complexo social da educação, é dado também destaque ao substrato que constitui tal função na sociedade capitalista. O substrato então analisado coaduna a um conteúdo moral conservador clássico, pautado político e ideologicamente pela naturalização dos “problemas sociais”, pelo reformismo moral dos indivíduos e pela defesa das instituições sociais burguesas, de forma a viabilizar as condições de internalização e conformação social à ordem social do capital. No Serviço Social, são recuperados os determinantes históricos e ideo-políticos que condicionaram a emersão da profissão e, assim, o âmbito da dimensão política-ideológica que se insere a profissão. A partir das políticas sociais, problematiza-se emanação da função educativa no Serviço Social da forma como incide subsidiária e tacitamente no controle da força de trabalho para auxiliar na reprodução do capital e, por conseguinte, a manutenção da ordem burguesa. Por fim, ainda que inerentemente integradas, buscou-se realizar a distinção entre a função educativa que cumpre a profissão e a ação pedagógica do assistente social no exercício profissional, de modo a apreender qual a natureza e o alcance da função educativa no Serviço Social e, ao mesmo tempo, refletir acerca dos limites e possibilidades concretas do exercício profissional no sentido de atuação pedagógica junto à classe trabalhadora.

7
  • ADRIELY BRAYNER RANGEL LINS
  • THE PRECARIZATION OF URBAN SPACE IN BRAZIL IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CAPITALIST CITY

  • Advisor : MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA VIRGINIA BORGES AMARAL
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • LINDEMBERG MEDEIROS DE ARAUJO
  • Data: Jul 22, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This study presents the process of precariousness in Brazilian cities, organized in favor of the reproduction of the capitalist system, identifying the conditions of the urban environment expressed in public policy indexes such as health, basic sanitation and urban mobility/accessibility. Initially, it addresses what is identified as the development of the capitalist mode of production through its different phases, from feudal post-dissolution to financial capital. Subsequently, it analyzes land occupation in Brazil and discusses the country's mode of industrialization and urbanization. It also presents the way the city was built in contemporary Brazil. Finally, it exposes the origin of urban policy in the country, as well as the current urban policy indexes (health, basic sanitation and mobility / accessibility), in an attempt to demonstrate how city populations, especially marginalized ones, have minimum access to such rights. For this, the study resorted to bibliographic and documentary research, necessary for both the theoretical foundation of the study and the understanding of current data related to urban space. Thus, the research demonstrated that, in the context of the capitalist city, there is an on-going process of precariousness of the urban space in Brazil; The data presented in this study indicate that, due to the neoliberal conjuncture, this precariousness of urban space tends to be greater and deeper.

8
  • KAMILLA LAYS DOS SANTOS AMORIM
  • EXPANSION AND MARKETING OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CAPITALISM AND ITS PARTICULARITIES IN BRAZIL

  • Advisor : ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Aug 28, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation, whose title is "Expansion and Mercantilization of Higher Education in Capitalism and its particularities in Brazil", aims to investigate the process of commodification of higher education in capitalism and to identify the contributions of the academic production of Social Work on this theme. Based on the Marxist perspective, this study uses bibliographic research as a methodological research procedure, with a literature review of works that deal with education in general and with Brazilian higher education. The results of this work showed that, in order to understand
    the development of education and its treatment as a commodity in capitalism, it is necessary, first, to understand how it arises, articulating it with work, which consists of the category that founds the others social complexes, such as education. This relationship becomes more and more evident when we analyze the development of this complex, considering that the changes that occur in the world of work, over the years, directly affect the educational sector. The results of this study also point to the process of strengthening and intensifying the transformation of education into commodity in capitalism, which becomes more profound with the penetration of financial capital in Brazilian higher education, causing the courses via distance learning to multiply, contributing to the precariousness of this educational level. Thus, in the statement that it is impossible to build a radically different education project without breaking the capital system.

9
  • KAMILLA LAYS DOS SANTOS AMORIM
  • EXPANSION AND MARKETING OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CAPITALISM AND ITS PARTICULARITIES IN BRAZIL

  • Advisor : ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • ROSA LUCIA PREDES TRINDADE
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Aug 28, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation, whose title is "Expansion and Mercantilization of Higher Education in Capitalism and its particularities in Brazil", aims to investigate the process of commodification of higher education in capitalism and to identify the contributions of the academic production of Social Work on this theme. Based on the Marxist perspective, this study uses bibliographic research as a methodological research procedure, with a literature review of works that deal with education in general and with Brazilian higher education. The results of this work showed that, in order to understand
    the development of education and its treatment as a commodity in capitalism, it is necessary, first, to understand how it arises, articulating it with work, which consists of the category that founds the others social complexes, such as education. This relationship becomes more and more evident when we analyze the development of this complex, considering that the changes that occur in the world of work, over the years, directly affect the educational sector. The results of this study also point to the process of strengthening and intensifying the transformation of education into commodity in capitalism, which becomes more profound with the penetration of financial capital in Brazilian higher education, causing the courses via distance learning to multiply, contributing to the precariousness of this educational level. Thus, in the statement that it is impossible to build a radically different education project without breaking the capital system.

10
  • CARLA JANAINA DOS SANTOS
  • THE COMPLEX OF LAW: BETWEEN POLITICAL EMANCIPATION AND HUMAN EMANCIPATION

  • Advisor : MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • ALESSANDRA MARCHIONI
  • Data: Aug 31, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation has as its object of study the complex of Law and its relationship with political  emancipation  and  human  emancipation. Its purpose is unveiling the determinations of Law rescuing its socio-historical foundations based on bibliographic research, in order to  understand  the  limits  and  possibilities  of  this  complex  in contributing to human emancipation. For this purpose, the research is guided by the methodological foundations established by Karl Marx, through the historical-dialectical method that allows to go beyond the immediacy of the facts. These foundations are found mainly in The German ideology  (2009), in For the Jewish question (2009) and in The capital (1975);  and  also in  Lukács  (2013),  Pasukanis  (1972),  Mascaro  (2007), Lessa (2015), among others. Through these foundations, it is understood that the Law is a particularity of the social totality, which means that to be analyzed it must be referred to the totality of which the work is the founding category. According to Marx (1975), work is the category that not only founds the social being, but also determines the other social  dimensions,  including  the Law. For  this  reason,  even  in  capitalist society in which law gains its own specificity, it still remains ontologically linked to the social base that created it, which allows us to affirm  that  the  struggle  for  rights  in isolation does not contribute to human emancipation, on the contrary, it contributes to the  reproduction  of  capital’s  sociability.  The struggle within the scope of law must, therefore, be linked to the revolutionary horizon that seeks the emancipation of humanity. 

11
  • CARLA JANAINA DOS SANTOS
  • THE COMPLEX OF LAW: BETWEEN POLITICAL EMANCIPATION AND HUMAN EMANCIPATION

  • Advisor : MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA ADRIANA DA SILVA TORRES
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • ALESSANDRA MARCHIONI
  • Data: Aug 31, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation has as its object of study the complex of Law and its relationship with political emancipation and human emancipation. Its purpose is unveiling the determinations of Law rescuing its socio-historical foundations based on bibliographic research, in order to understand the limits and possibilities of this complex in contributing to human emancipation. For this purpose, the research is guided by the methodological foundations established by Karl Marx, through the historical-dialectical method that allows to go beyond the immediacy of the facts. These foundations are found mainly in The German ideology (2009), in For the Jewish question (2009) and in The capital (1975); and also in Lukács (2013), Pasukanis (1972), Mascaro (2007), Lessa (2015), among others. Through these foundations, it is understood that the Law is a particularity of the social totality, which means that to be analyzed it must be referred to the totality of which the work is the founding category. According to Marx (1975), work is the category that not only founds the social being, but also determines the other social dimensions, including the Law. For this reason, even in capitalist society in which law gains its own specificity, it still remains ontologically linked to the social base that created it, which allows us to affirm that the struggle for rights in isolation does not contribute to human emancipation, on the contrary, it contributes to the reproduction of capital’s sociability. The struggle within the scope of law must, therefore, be linked to the revolutionary horizon that seeks the emancipation of humanity.

12
  • CHRISTIANE BATISTA ARAUJO
  • PRAXIS, EVERYDAY LIFE AND THE WORLD OF MEN

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Aug 31, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The present dissertation analyzes a daily life as the locus of the human development process. In this sense, so, our research is anchored in the proper being of men, especially in their praxis, in the delineations of their productive activities and in the high forms of objectification that arise in daily life, such as: science, art, ethics, etc. Consequently, presenting the material basis that made possible, and still allows, the process of development of human generosity, considering that the constitution and reproduction of the world of men don't come from divine forces or merely from the consciousness of enlightened men or heroes. It is the result of the totality of human actions under historically determined conditions. With this, the transformative and revolutionary power of men is highlighted. This perception was only possible due to the recognition of work as the creative activity of the social being and its transforming role both of nature and of man, with work as the model of social praxis. And, finally, to reaffirm that it is in daily life, an apparently trivial place for other philosophical currents, that men act and build the world - objectively and subjectively. For this, we carried out a bibliographic research based on the Marxist perspective which was based on orthodoxy and immanent reading, focusing, especially, on the thought of the Hungarian philosopher, Georg Lukács, in his works: Towards an Ontology of the Being Social and in Aesthetics, of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, in addition to other Marxist authors, as is the case with István Mészáros, José Paulo Netto, Sergio Lessa and other who looked at the theme of the development of the world of men and daily life both in the area of philosophy and Social work.

13
  • CHRISTIANE BATISTA ARAUJO
  • PRAXIS, EVERYDAY LIFE AND THE WORLD OF MEN

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • TALVANES EUGENIO MACENO
  • Data: Aug 31, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The present dissertation analyzes a daily life as the locus of the human development process. In this sense, so, our research is anchored in the proper being of men, especially in their praxis, in the delineations of their productive activities and in the high forms of objectification that arise in daily life, such as: science, art, ethics, etc. Consequently, presenting the material basis that made possible, and still allows, the process of development of human generosity, considering that the constitution and reproduction of the world of men don't come from divine forces or merely from the consciousness of enlightened men or heroes. It is the result of the totality of human actions under historically determined conditions. With this, the transformative and revolutionary power of men is highlighted. This perception was only possible due to the recognition of work as the creative activity of the social being and its transforming role both of nature and of man, with work as the model of social praxis. And, finally, to reaffirm that it is in daily life, an apparently trivial place for other philosophical currents, that men act and build the world - objectively and subjectively. For this, we carried out a bibliographic research based on the Marxist perspective which was based on orthodoxy and immanent reading, focusing, especially, on the thought of the Hungarian philosopher, Georg Lukács, in his works: Towards an Ontology of the Being Social and in Aesthetics, of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, in addition to other Marxist authors, as is the case with István Mészáros, José Paulo Netto, Sergio Lessa and other who looked at the theme of the development of the world of men and daily life both in the area of philosophy and Social work.

14
  • RAFAEL ARLEY GOMES DA SILVA ALMEIDA
  • DEVELOPMENT AND DEPENDENCE IN LATIN AMERICA: Weberian and Marxist versions of analysis

  • Advisor : REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • REIVAN MARINHO DE SOUZA CARNEIRO
  • EDLENE PIMENTEL SANTOS
  • LÚCIO VASCONCELLOS DE VERÇOZA
  • Data: Oct 30, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The dissertation entitled “Development and Dependence in Latin America: Weberian and Marxist versions of  analysis” investigates the emergence of developmental ideas and proposals in Brazil and Latin America and their relationship with the Theory of Dependency, from the rescue of the Weberian and Marxist analysis. It is guided by a theoretical research, using bibliographic and documentary research as a methodological procedure, whose reference is the classic works on Brazilian and Latin American developmentalism and the Theory of Dependency. The process of institution of developmentalist ideas is recovered, highlighting the identity between the elaborations of the Economic Commission for the Development of Latin America and the Caribbean / ECLAC, of the Higher Institute of Brazilian Studies / ISEB and of the Brazilian Communist Party / PCB. This identity is seen in the perspective of the developmental program by which it sought to break the barriers of economic and political subordination of national states located on the periphery of capitalism. In this context, we identify the methodological criticism of CEPAL developmentalism carried out by Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Enzo Faletto, through the analysis of the work Dependence and Development in Latin America (1967), in which the authors develop a theoretical counterpoint in apprehending the particularities of underdevelopment and present the associated dependency thesis. Finally, the elaborations of authors of the Marxist Theory of Dependence are highlighted. This theoretical formulation also criticizes developmentalism, but in a different way from the Weberian version of Cardoso and Faletto. The study of the works of the main authors of this version, with emphasis on Andre Gunder Frank, Ruy Mauro Marini, Theotônio dos Santos and Vânia Bambirra, express the Marxist criticism of the Weberian version of dependency, which develop a bold interpretation of the particularities, limits and possibilities dependent peripheral capitalism.

15
  • DAYANE SILVA OLIVEIRA
  • LEACOCK AND THE FUNDAMENTALS OF WOMEN'S SUBORDINATION

  • Advisor : MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA CRISTINA SOARES PANIAGO
  • SERGIO AFRANIO LESSA FILHO
  • MARIA SUSANA VASCONCELOS JIMENEZ
  • Data: Dec 18, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The study proposed here intends to present the ontological foundations of the subordination of women, based on the researches of the American anthropologist Eleanor Burke Leacock, published in Myths of Male Dominance: Collected Articles on Women Cross-Culturally. The European colonial period, which enabled the disintegration of
    egalitarian societies, integrating them into the logic of private property and the production of goods, was the historical context in which the egalitarian society of montagnais-naskapi, object of Leacock's investigation, had its relations founded on cooperative work completely destroyed. The analysis of this author's work showed that the egalitarian relations existing between the groups of the Labrador Peninsula, based on cooperation, autonomy and
    solidarity, which prevented hierarchies based on sex, were undermined by their dependence on the fur trade, which it forced the introduction of private property and, through it, the institutionalization of the monogamous family. It was in this process that women became subordinate.

2018
Dissertations
1
  • AMANDA VIANA CARVALHO DE AMORIM TEIXEIRA
  • Que direitos humanos? Uma análise ontológica do direito na sociedade regida pelo capital.

  • Advisor : MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARIA NORMA ALCANTARA BRANDAO DE HOLANDA
  • GILMAISA MACEDO DA COSTA
  • DIEGO DE OLIVEIRA SOUZA
  • Data: Sep 14, 2018


  • Show Abstract
  • A presente dissertação faz uma análise da gênese e desenvolvimento do direito na sociedade regida pelo capital, enquanto complexo social particular que possui como função a regulamentação jurídica das atividades sociais num determinando nível de complexificação da sociabilidade humana. Nesse sentido, demonstramos como se deu o surgimento do complexo do direito, a partir da perspectiva ontológico- materialista, que pressupõe entender o processo real tomando por base o ato fundante do ser social, o trabalho. Veremos que esse caminho nos possibilita compreender que a sociedade é resultado da história e que é imprescindível desvelar os seus fundamentos para uma compreensão crítica originária do pensamento marxiano. Tal concepção nos fornece elementos que subsidiam um entendimento radical e revolucionário de mundo. Observamos como historicamente o direito passa a se apresentar enquanto mecanismo de defesa da vida humana mediante demandas trazidas pela própria sociedade em seu desenvolvimento histórico, econômico, político e social. No interior desse processo, observamos também como a Revolução Francesa delimitou historicamente a luta pelos chamados direitos humanos e como se constituiu enquanto marco inicial para os mais diversos mecanismos de defesa e proteção à vida de que temos conhecimento na contemporaneidade. Analisamos a relação dos direitos humanos com o surgimento do Estado Moderno comprovando sua inerente natureza funcional ao modelo econômico estabelecido. Finalmente, expomos a crítica de Marx aos direitos humanos, compreendendo que estes representam os direitos do homem burguês, uma vez que sua afirmação se inscreve no âmbito da emancipação política, evidentemente necessária, mas inteiramente compatível com a sociedade burguesa. Verificamos que as condições materiais de vida na contemporaneidade clamam pela emancipação humana e não somente por reformas políticas. Assim, passamos a demonstrar as possibilidades de superação radical da ordem vigente, das quais as dimensões jurídica e política são partes integrantes.  

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