OBTAINING AND CHARACTERIZING COMPLEXES INCLUDING β-CYCLODEXTRIN WITH BROWN PROPOLIS EXTRACT
FROM THE ALAGOANA FOREST ZONE.
Propolis; Aqueous extract; Propolis inclusion complexes; β-cyclodextrin.
Propolis is a viscous resinous material produced by bees that collect raw material from various parts of plants, transforming them inside the hive by adding salivary secretions and wax. Its physical appearance and color vary greatly, depending on its botanical and geographic origin and the time of collection. The range of propolis' pharmacological activities is greater in tropica regions, reflecting the plant diversity of these regions, since the flight spectrum of an A. mellifera bee covers a radius of approximately 4-5 km around the hive, from where the bees collect pollen, nectar, and resin for propolis. The most popular technique for producing propolis extracts is extraction with ethanol, but it has disadvantages and limitations, such as a strong flavor, limitations on its application in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, in pediatrics, and in cases of alcohol intolerance. Thus, to overcome this problem, switching to aqueous suspensions is an option, but the biologically active substances have low solubility in water and oxidation during production and storage. One of the most widely used methods to improve the stability and water solubility of polyphenolic compounds is the preparation of inclusion complexes (IC) with cyclodextrins (CD). The method for producing ICs of β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and brown propolis extract from União dos Palmares (EPMUP) was coprecipitation combined with the lyophilization method for drying. Physical mixtures (PM) were obtained for comparative studies. To verify the formation of ICs and which one was more efficient, analysis methods such as thermogravimetry (TG), determination of total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, in vitro dissolution tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. The TG demonstrated more thermostable curves for the IC than for the MF, in the EPMUP the total flavonoid content obtained was 9.7% (m/m) while the IC50 of the DPPH was 16.6 mcg/mL, while the dissolution showed higher values of concentration per time of the IC reaching 32 mcg/ml and in the SEM a change in the structure was observed.