CONCEPT OF HUMAN EDUCATION: PHENOMENOLOGICAL DISCUSSION ON TEACHER EDUCATION AND THE TEACHING OF PHILOSOPHY
Human Formation. Teacher Formation. Philosophy Teaching. Phenomenology.
This qualitative research in the phenomenological perspective has as its theme the concept of human formation and its understanding in the process of teacher education and the teaching of philosophy as a contemporary challenge, to be deepened and overcome in its theoretical and practical limits, in spaces academic training, such as public universities, and their respective effects on public high schools. The main objective of the study is to understand, from the phenomenological perspective of Edith Stein and Hannah Arendt, the process of teacher education and the teaching of philosophy, aiming to understand how the emancipatory education of subjects who are inserted in the scope of initial of philosophy teaching in higher and basic education in the public sphere. The question that guided this research was the following: What is shown of the phenomenon of human education in the light of the perspective of Edith Stein and Hannah Arendt, in the dialogues with teachers in the philosophical and pedagogical discussion of the structuring of teacher education and the teaching of philosophy, in Brazilian public institutions, as a path viable for the emancipatory formation of subjects who are inserted in institutionalized spaces of philosophical knowledge, in the current context of Brazilian public education? The phenomenological methodological process was chosen, which took place through three stages: in the first, a description of the conscious experience of each research subject was made, of the senses and meanings of human formation, in the process of their teacher education; in the second, an intuitive reflection was carried out, with the aim of reaching its intentionality, and in the third, an interpretive hermeneutic work was carried out, with the aim of understanding these senses and meanings pointed out in the description. For data collection, the phenomenological interview technique was chosen, with semi-structured questions, as it is a resource consistent with the nature of the phenomenon investigated and the method chosen and that allows the experience of total freedom of respondents in the act of expressing their experiences through their opinions, feelings and thoughts and, with this, favors the apprehension of the meanings of the research phenomenon. As for the technical procedures, three types of research were experienced: bibliographical, field research and documentary. The data analysis applied was the Textual Discursive Analysis, which consists of a data analysis methodology and qualitative information that aims to produce innovative understandings about the phenomenon and discourse investigated during the research. Human formation is an essential concept for the human formation of educators and educators in their training process and in the exercise of teaching practice as a way to emancipate human beings from the influence of barbarism.