PUNCTUATION MARKS IN SCHOOL MANUSCRIPTS: study on the use of commas in school manuscripts of a 9th grade class of Elementary School
SCHOOL MANUSCRIPTS; USE OF COMMAS; SCHOOL CONTEXT.
The objective of this work is to analyze the use of commas in school manuscripts produced by students of the 9th grade of elementary school in a public school in the city of Jequiá da Praia (Alagoas). We start from the assumption that the non-conventional uses of the comma, in the analyzed productions, reveal important information about the instructions that these students received about this punctuation in a school context. Based on the results obtained, most of the students in the analyzed class, despite not having a basic conventional knowledge about the comma, have an implicit knowledge about this punctuation. Thus, we investigated what are the possible implicit knowledge that students have of the comma through the pattern of use of this sign in the analyzed texts. For this, we identified and analyzed each occurrence of a comma present in written textual productions and related them to the normative instructions of the main Brazilian grammars. For this, we take as a basis the conventionality of the use of the comma present in the grammars of Bechara (2009), Cegala (1998), Cunha and Cintra (1985) and Ferreira (2011). After analyzing the corpus of this research, we found that the non-conventional use of commas occurs, in almost all cases, in full stop position, that is, at the end of syntactically complete sentences. We also found that these uses were not random, that is, they followed a syntactic writing pattern: always in a position that should be the full stop. Thus, students seem to understand the limits of syntactic periods, but do not have normative knowledge about the punctuation that should be used at the end of periods. We interpret these results as a failure in teaching about the comma, specifically about the basic syntactic use of this punctuation, responsible for several essential functions for the understanding and organization of the written text. We believe that the results of this research may not only reveal the importance of syntactic knowledge of comma use, but also contribute to the teaching practices of this punctuation in a school context.