Banca de DEFESA: MONISE OLIVEIRA SANTOS

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : MONISE OLIVEIRA SANTOS
DATE: 28/09/2021
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: https://meet.google.com/uiq-witk-ayr?pli=1&authuser=1
TITLE:

Clinical and Nutritional profile of individuals with colorectal cancer risk

KEY WORDS:

Colorectal cancer; Etiology; Prevention

PAGES: 76
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Nutrição
SUMMARY:

Currently, colorectal cancer (CCR) is the third most incident cancer and the second most killing in the world. In Brazil, this neoplasm also has high incidence and mortality rates. RCC has a complex and multifactorial etiology, comprising interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Most cases are of sporadic origin, without the presence of hereditary syndrome or associated family history, mainly due to environmental risk factors. Colorectal tumorigenesis takes place in four continuous stages: initiation, promotion, progression and metastasis, the course from initiation to disease progression lasting decades, enabling effective disease prevention. Thus, the reduction in the incidence and mortality of CCR can be achieved by adopting different prevention strategies, which mainly include the reduction of risk factors and adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations, and screening for the disease, in order to detect cancer or pre-neoplastic lesions early. This context motivated this dissertation, which is divided into a literature review chapter, addressing epidemiology, etiology, including genetic and environmental factors, as well as disease prevention strategies, in addition to an original article. The article aims to evaluate the clinical nutritional profile of individuals at medium risk screened for CRC residing in the city of Piranhas/Alagoas. Cross-sectional study, conducted from September to October 2020, with individuals at medium risk for CRC, of both sexes and aged between 50 and 70 years. Participants were screened for CCR with fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and colonoscopy. Personal, socioeconomic, clinical, lifestyle and nutritional assessment data were collected. Nutritional assessment was performed using anthropometric data (weight, height, arm circumference and triceps skinfold), body composition (bioimpedance) and physical examination. Descriptive analysis of data frequencies and dichotomization according to the presence or absence of overweight was performed, followed by comparison of means and medians and frequencies by chi-square or Fisher's exact test. In total, 82 people agreed to undergo the clinical nutritional assessment, most of them female (56.1%; n=46), adults (56.1%; n=46), with a mean age of 59.02 years ( ±6.30 SD). Pre-cancerous lesions were identified in 54.5% (n=42) of those screened, 52.4% (n=43) were smokers or former smokers and 65.9% (n=54) did not practice any physical activity. Nutritional assessment showed that 64.6% (n=53) were overweight according to body mass index (BMI). On the other hand, the muscle mass, % adequacy of arm muscle circumference (AMC) and body muscle mass (Kg) markers showed that 32.9% (n=27) and 47.6% (n=39) of the subjects were muscle depleted, respectively. Above all, overweight participants had, in parallel, lower muscle mass and total body water (p<0.05), suggesting sarcopency obesity in this population. Obesity is one of the main risk factors for CRC, when concomitant with sarcopenia, it favors worse health outcomes. In this context, evidence shows the need to assess muscle composition in people with obesity, especially by other methods of assessing body composition. Thus, our results add to the evidence on the importance of the population being oriented about screening and adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations, especially strategies aimed at weight control and the practice of physical activity.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Presidente - 4364569 - FABIANA ANDREA MOURA
Externa ao Programa - 2717856 - GLAUCEVANE DA SILVA GUEDES
Interna - 1120400 - TELMA MARIA DE MENEZES TOLEDO FLORENCIO