Banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO: TAMARA RODRIGUES DOS SANTOS

Uma banca de QUALIFICAÇÃO de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : TAMARA RODRIGUES DOS SANTOS
DATE: 30/11/2022
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Virtual
TITLE:

Social vulnerability and nutritional and health conditions of women and children: differences between the quilombola population and the general population of the state of Alagoas

KEY WORDS:

African Continental Ancestry Group. Health Disparity, Minority and Vulnerable Populations. Social Determinants of Health. Noncommunicable Diseases.

PAGES: 120
BIG AREA: Ciências da Saúde
AREA: Nutrição
SUBÁREA: Análise Nutricional de População
SUMMARY:

In recent decades, significant changes in nutrition and health profiles have been observed, both in Brazil and globally. In the adult population, there was an increase in the prevalence of obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases, such as arterial hypertension. Among children, especially those living in greater social vulnerability, although the increase in excess weight is a reality, other forms of malnutrition, such as chronic malnutrition and anemia, have not yet been overcome. Properly coping with these problems, whether in adults or children, requires identifying the magnitude and factors associated with these conditions in different scenarios. Therefore, special attention must be given to ethnic-racial minorities, given the intense socioeconomic inequalities they are subjected to. Among these minorities, the quilombola population stands out, which, as a result of the historical oppression suffered, lives in a particularly vulnerable situation. To contribute to this problem, the objective of this thesis was to compare the nutrition and health conditions between quilombola and non-quilombola women and children in the state of Alagoas. To meet the proposed objective, the results chapter is presented in the form of two original articles. Both were based on two independent population-based household surveys carried out in the state of Alagoas in 2015 and 2018, involving non-quilombola women and children under 5 years of age and quilombola women and children, respectively. The first article, entitled “Nutrition and health conditions: differences between quilombola and non-quilombola women in the state of Alagoas, Brazil”, compared the prevalence and factors associated with overweight and hypertension in the two scenarios. A total of 4,981 women were evaluated, of which 3,155 were non-quilombolas and 1,826 were quilombolas. The prevalence of overweight (66.4% vs. 62.4%, p=0.006) and hypertension (28.8% vs. 22.0% p<0.001) were higher in quilombola women compared to non-quilombola women. Among quilombola women, the factors associated with being overweight were: age > 30 years, presence of food and nutritional insecurity, menarche before 12 years of age, having children, and having hypertension. While among non-quilombolas, in addition to age > 30 years, menarche before 12 years of age, having children and having hypertension; education level ≤ 8 years, and alcohol consumption were also associated with being overweight. As for hypertension, the associated factors among quilombola women were: age > 30 years, education level < 8 years, being unemployed, belonging to a family benefiting from the Bolsa Família Program, menarche before 12 years of age, and being overweight. Among non-quilombolas women, in addition to age > 30 years, schooling ≤ 8 years, and being overweight; having had a health problem in the last 30 days was also associated with hypertension. The second article, entitled “Social Determinants in Health: Differentials in the nutritional status of children in the state of Alagoas (Brazil), according to their status as quilombolas or non-quilombolas”, aimed to compare the nutritional status and factors associated with stunting, excess of weight and anemia among quilombola and non-quilombola children in the state of Alagoas. For this, it involved a sample of 1,546 children under 5 years of age, 991 non-quilombolas, and 555 quilombolas. The prevalence of stunting (6.5% vs. 3.5%, p=0.008) and anemia (38.3% vs. 27.4% p<0.001) were higher in quilombola children compared to non-quilombola children. The inverse was observed in the prevalence of overweight: 9.6% quilombolas vs. 14.1% were not quilombolas (p=0.009). Among quilombolas children, the factors associated with stunting were: wealth index (< median), family with severe food insecurity, number of rooms in the household (<4), and maternal overweight. Among the non-quilombolas children were: age ≤ 24 months, male, and low birth weight. Presence of moderate food insecurity, age ≤ 24 months and high birth weight were the factors associated with excess weight among quilombolas children. Among non-quilombolas children, overweight was associated with maternal age (< 20 years), maternal overweight, and high birth weight. As for anemia, the associated factors among quilombolas children were: the number of people in the household (≥ 4), maternal age (<20 years), maternal height (> median), age ≤ 24 months, and male. Among the non-quilombolas children were: education level (≤ 8 years) and age ≤ 24 months. It is concluded that, in line with the assumptions of social determination in the health and disease process, the socioeconomic disadvantages to which quilombolas women and children are historically subjected reverberate nowadays, as observed by the presence of worse nutrition and health profile. It is hoped that these results will be used to guide public policies aimed at facing these conditions, which must consider that, in the state with the worst socioeconomic indicators in the country, quilombola women and children survive in an even more vulnerable scenario.

BANKING MEMBERS:
Presidente - 1120877 - HAROLDO DA SILVA FERREIRA
Externo(a) ao Programa - 1325040 - MYRTIS KATILLE DE ASSUNCAO BEZERRA
Externo(a) ao Programa - 1493347 - THATIANA REGINA FAVARO
Externo(a) à Instituição - REGINA COELI DA SILVA VIEIRA - UFAM