FINANCIAL EDUCATION: A LOOK AT ITS PRESENCE IN OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS AND EDUCATIONAL BOOKS OF THE PNLD 2020 OF THE FINAL YEARS OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION
Financial education. Analysis of Textbooks. Critical Mathematics Education. Final Years.
Knowing how to deal with issues related to consumption and personal financial planning has gained prominence in the concerns of Brazilians. The increase in purchase offers of the most varied products, with attractive prices and conditions, has led several families to increase their wage commitment. Thus, it is necessary to learn to manage financial resources critically and consciously so that consumption is done in a positive way for oneself and for the world. In this perspective, Financial Education (EF) has been presented as a rich topic for discussions related to consumption, financial planning being related to the most diverse areas. In our research, we limited ourselves to understanding PE from the perspective of Mathematics Education and Mathematics Teaching in the school context. We find the reader (a) that studies on this topic have gained prominence on the national scene, after the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) highlight the urgency of discussing a wide range of topics such as retirement, consumption of economic products and personal financial planning. Despite not being an OECD member country, Brazil participates in the meetings and seeks to comply with the recommendations proposed by it. Thus, in 2010, Brazil created the National Strategy for Financial Education (ENEF), which guides actions aimed at the most varied segments of society. In line with the concepts of the OECD, ENEF presents itself as a normative, which aims to promote PE in order to instruct Brazilians to take autonomous and critical decisions, in addition to promoting the strengthening of citizenship. In our research, we will focus on School Financial Education, Silva and Powell (2013), and how it has been presented in Mathematics textbooks approved in PNLD 2020 for the final years of elementary school. In this perspective, our research is qualitative of the documentary type and is based on the Theory of Critical Mathematics Education by Ole Skovsmose (2000). We understand that PE is a complex topic and that it is not limited to simple exercises and concepts. As data from our research, we analyzed the eleven collections of Mathematics approved in the PNLD 2020 of the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th years in the light of Skovsmsose's (2014) learning environments. As a result of the study, we can observe that all collections have a reference to Financial Education. However, we observe that the activities and tasks presented in the collections still represent a little expressive quantity.