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1
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LAYS NOGUEIRA MIRANDA
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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS FROM CROTON TRICOLOR KLOTZSCH EX BAILL (EUPHORBIACEAE)
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Advisor : LUCIANO APARECIDO MEIRELES GRILLO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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FRANCIS SOARES GOMES
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KARLOS ANTONIO LISBOA RIBEIRO JUNIOR
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LUCIANO APARECIDO MEIRELES GRILLO
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RUTH RUFINO DO NASCIMENTO
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TICIANO GOMES DO NASCIMENTO
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Data: Mar 7, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Essential oils (EO) are secondary metabolites derived from aromatic plants, composed of complex mixtures of chemical components, such as phenols, aldehydes, hydrocarbons and others, and, due to their highly volatile nature, are less likely to leave residues in stored products, representing minimal risk to the environment and health. With the knowledge about these adaptive processes present in plants, humanity started to explore these physiological adjustments as a source of useful bioactive compounds to combat pest insects that cause considerable losses in agricultural production. Tribolium castaneum Herbst. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the stored products pests recognized for having one of the greatest population growth potentials among these insects. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the insecticidal and repellent potential of Croton tricolor Klotzsch ex Baill against Tribolium castaneum. The essential oils of leaves and branches of C. tricolor were obtained by hydrodistillation in Clevenger equipment and the chemical characterization will be carried out by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (CG-EM). The evaluation of the repellency potential was developed based on the area preference method and a contact toxicity bioassay was carried out with concentrations of 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% of leaves EO and 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of branches EO. The effects of EO on nutritional indexes and on the metabolism of T. castaneum after exposure to LD50 were evaluated. The C. tricolor EO showed a yield of 0.20% for branches and 0.66% for leaves and showed repellency potential (RP) against T. castaneum at all times of exposure, with a RP class ranging from IV to V, being the essential oil of C. tricolor leaves (EOCTL) responsible for higher RP, obtaining class V in 30 and 60 minutes after exposure. The contact toxicity tests resulted in an LD50 of 2.193 μg / adult for the essential oil of C. tricolor branches (EOCTB) and 0.923 μg / adult for EOCTL and a reduction in the nutritional index of food conversion efficiency, associated with a marked reduction in cholesterol levels. Exposure to EOCTB caused a 79.7% inhibition of reproduction (p <0.05). The partial results of this study point out that C. tricolor EO are promising alternatives for the control of the insect pest T. castaneum in stored products and suggest that these EO act as inhibitors of sterol transport proteins, which may be one mechanisms of action to promote the insecticidal potential of these oils.
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2
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JEINNY CHRISTINE GOMES DOS SANTOS
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Evaluation of new release materials for volatile compounds attractive to fruit flies
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Advisor : RUTH RUFINO DO NASCIMENTO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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RUTH RUFINO DO NASCIMENTO
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FABIANE CAXICO DE ABREU GALDINO
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JOÃO GOMES DA COSTA
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IARA BARROS VALENTIM
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IARA SORDI JOACHIM BRAVO
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Data: Mar 23, 2022
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Show Abstract
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The lignocellulosic fibrous biomass found in sugarcane bagasse can be the raw material to produce cellulosic ethanol, through delignification processes to obtain fermentative sugars. The residue from this process is called black liquor, which is rich in lignin, an amorphous biopolymer with high energy value used mainly as fuel in the cogeneration of energy in bio-industries. As lignin is a biodegradable and therefore recyclable by-product, it has been attracting interest in areas such as medicine, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. In agriculture, lignin is being studied as a coating for fertilizers and as a biopolymer carrying active compounds (pesticides and semiochemicals) for pest control. As the object of this study, lignin was used as a biopolymeric matrix carrying substances attractive to fruit flies of the species Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus. The attractive substances studied were: ethyl octanoate, an attractive semiochemical for fruit fly species; a mixture of synthetic compounds common to guava host volatiles and volatiles released by males of Ceratitis capitata, composed of (R)-(+)-limonene, (S)-(-)-limonene, ethyl octanoate, αcopaene and β-caryophyllene; and hexane extracts of volatiles obtained by the host fruit guava (Psidium guajava, L.). Release substrates based on crude lignin (BL) were prepared, namely: acid lignin (LA) and a hybrid (LQ), lignin and chitosan in a 1:1 mass ratio. Chitosan (Q) was used as a control treatment. All substrates were subjected to thermogravimetric techniques, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the adsorbent potential when impregnated with semiochemicals. Thermogravimetric isotherms at 30°C, together with solid phase microextractions were also performed, aiming to know the release kinetics of substrate+semiochemical systems. The extracts obtained were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Attractiveness bioassays with mated females of C. capitata and A. fraterculus were carried out to evaluate which system elicits attraction behavior in females of these species. Thermogravimetric tests (TG, DTG and DSC) with pure substrates, containing lignin, LB, LP and LQ, demonstrated greater thermal stability than substrate Q, and when impregnated with semiochemicals, all showed a mass loss around 70 %. The FTIR analysis showed characteristic bands of polymers and substances incorporated in the substrates. The images obtained by SEM revealed porous agglomerates on substrates containing lignin and a smooth and homogeneous surface on chitosan, which has already been described in the literature. The release isotherms showed mass losses around 30% (±1%). In the extracts of substrates impregnated with ethyl octanoate, evaluated by GCEM, a larger relative area of the ester in the LA substrate is observed, like the LQ hybrid, at the end of the release period. Behavioral bioassays revealed that the substrate formulations with LA, elicited greater attractiveness in mated females of the studied species. From the above, it is possible to conclude that lignin-based polymeric matrices can be used as attractive semiochemical carriers for fruit flies.
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3
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ANDRESSA LETICIA LOPES DA SILVA
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EVALUATION OF ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF GUANYLIDRAZONE DERIVATIVES IN HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMA LINEAGE (GBM02)
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Advisor : JOAO XAVIER DE ARAUJO JUNIOR
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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JOAO XAVIER DE ARAUJO JUNIOR
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LUCIANO APARECIDO MEIRELES GRILLO
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MAGNA SUZANA ALEXANDRE MOREIRA
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ALINE CAVALCANTI DE QUEIROZ
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ELITA SCIO FONTES
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MARIANA DA SILVA SANTOS
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Data: Jun 22, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Cancer is considered a public health problem and can be associated with the four main causes of death in the world. The number of new cases grows progressively, highlighting the need for treatments with low cost and high curative rate. Among the types of cancer that are most aggressive are gliomas. Gliomas are considered one of the main types of central nervous system tumors. They originate from glial cells and are the most common glioblastoma in adults. Due to its high molecular heterogeneity and a large number of genetic mutations, the development of specific target prototypes is necessary. Guanylhydrazones belong to the class of hydrazones, which are characterized by the presence of the imine group linked to an amine and are considered more stable, presenting several activities in the literature, such as antitumor activity against leukemia, melanoma, lung, kidney and colon cancer. New researches using guanylhydrazones against human glioblastoma are being developed, since the number of researches focused on this lineage is still not expressive. The present work aims to evaluate the in vitro antitumor activity of guanylhydrazone derivatives in human glioblastoma cells. To assess the antitumor effect of guanylhydrazones, the MTT test was performed with GBM02 cells, where the positive control was Temozolamide (TMZ). Cells were treated with different concentrations of derivatives for 48 hours. For the study on morphology, the GBM02 cells were plated and adhered to cover slips, with TMZ as a positive control and DMSO 0.1% as a negative control. As a result of the in vitro antitumor activity against GBM02, the derivatives that showed the best IC50 were LQM 240 with 3.54 µM followed by LQM 243 with 4.15 µM. Regarding the inhibitory effect, all compounds in the series had a cytotoxic effect greater than 70%, except for LQM 242 which had an effect of 42.92% in 48 hours. Regarding morphology, LQM 14 and LQM 243 derivatives morphologically affected GBM02 cells, both by loss of cytoplasmic content, cell membrane disruption and content leakage. Regarding the cytotoxicity assay, none of the compounds used in the test showed toxicity and all demonstrated to be selective for human glioblastoma cells. In view of the results, other studies such as: antitumor of guanylhydrazones 72 hours, morphology of other derivatives, cytotoxic effect on monocytes and lymphocytes, evaluation of selectivity and antimigratory effect and tests in the Muse flow minicytometer, are being carried out.
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4
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ANDREIZA MÁRCIA MAIA DE OLIVEIRA
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REMEDIATION OF NITRATES AND NITRITES CONTENT IN HUMAN CONSUMPTION WATER USING MICROALGAE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE ALAGOAS REGION.
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Advisor : JOSEALDO TONHOLO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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JOSEALDO TONHOLO
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FABIANE CAXICO DE ABREU GALDINO
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GUILHERME BENJAMIN BRANDAO PITTA
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TICIANO GOMES DO NASCIMENTO
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JOSE LEANDRO DA SILVA DUARTE
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Data: Jul 15, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Considering that microalgae metabolize nitrogenous compounds, such as Ammonia, Nitrate and Nitrite, promoting the growth of their biomass and reducing the concentration of these compounds in the water. In this way, microalgae have the potential to become an alternative in the treatment of water contaminated by nitrate. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the use of microalgae in the removal of nitrite and nitrate from drinking water from underground wells used for human supply, aiming to adapt them to the potability standards in force in Brazil. The development of the study consisted of the following steps: Characterization and molecular identification of Microalgae; Analysis of environmental conditions of growth and consequent removal of nitrogen compounds in synthetic water and water collected from underground wells. Being evaluated the time for
the total removal of the contaminant, and the time in which the concentrations of the contaminant reach the standards of potability defined by the Ministry of Health. As a result, the microalgae Tetradesmus sp. The sequences were deposited at the NCBI, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed from specific bioinformatics programs. For environmental analysis, the biomass was inoculated, in batches, in 2000ml photobioreactors in transparent acrylic with adapted BG11 – Medium, reaching optimal growth values with luminosity of 100µmol/m2s, at an average temperature of 28°, pH between 8, 0 and 8.5 and bubble-type agitation. For the analysis step with a real sample, samples were collected from two underground wells PJ03A and PJ10A, with nitrate and ammonia, respectively, 31.50mg/L N and 29.60 mg/L N; 4.98 mg/l and 5.95 mg/l, values presented in a technical report from Companhia de Saneamento de Alagoas. The reference values recommended by Ordinance No. 05/2017 – MS, are 1.5 mg/l for ammonia and 10 mg/l for Nitrogen – approximately 45 mg/l for Nitrate. Maintaining the parameters used in the synthetic medium, the microalgal biomass was inoculated in two photobioreactors, initially in batch, where the need to add phosphate to the real sample was identified, after which adequate values of removal and growth were reached, using 2000ml of the samples in each, it was verified the efficiency of the method in semi-continuous systems at 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. In the present study, the affinity of Tetradesmus sp. for the removal of compounds, such as N and P, in well water, under controlled environmental and nutritional conditions in closed photobioreactors with supplementary aeration.
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5
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AILTON MOTA DO NASCIMENTO GALVAO
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App Development for Mobile Devices with Usability in Wound Tracking
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Advisor : GUILHERME BENJAMIN BRANDAO PITTA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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AMANDA KARINE BARROS FERREIRA RODRIGUES
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CELIO FERNANDO DE SOUSA RODRIGUES
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GEORGE AZEVEDO LEMOS
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GUILHERME BENJAMIN BRANDAO PITTA
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PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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Data: Jul 29, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Introduction: The UP Feridas app presents itself as an easy and agile innovative proposal for the tracking of wounds of vascular origin by health professionals in Primary Care. Diabetic foot ulcers (UPD) are the main cause of lower limb amputation, due to lack of prevention, diagnosis and late treatment. Amputation, therefore, is an irreversible complication with extreme physical, mental and social implications. UPDs precede 85% of amputations and Diabetes Mellitus is the main cause of lower extremity amputations. Objective: To develop an application for mobile devices with usability in tracking diabetic foot wounds and varicose ulcers. Method: Study on the technological development of a mobile application for tracking patients with diabetic foot and varicose ulcers from the Primary Care of the Family Health Program (PSF). Due to the specificity of technological knowledge required in the creation of an application for mobile devices, all stages of the study were developed in a partnership between I9Colab and PROFNIT and the research group CendoVascular linked to the Arthur Ramos Memorial Hospital - HMAR. Results: 10 (ten) applications aimed at the care and prevention of diabetic foot were identified and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the applications found in the databases: patents, articles and in the Play Store, are related to the clinical management of the diabetic patient, management and practical pocket guide for patients with foot problems. However, none of them refers to the tracking of diabetic patients with wounds of vascular origin in primary care, indicating the novelty of the proposed topic in terms of patents filed in Brazil and via PCT. Conclusion: The application for mobile devices with usability in wound tracking was developed.
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6
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GIANCARLO DE BRITO LYRA SANTOS
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Diagnostics and Illumina sequencing discovery of badnaviruses associated with air yam (Dioscorea bulbifera L.) in Brazil.
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Advisor : GAUS SILVESTRE DE ANDRADE LIMA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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GAUS SILVESTRE DE ANDRADE LIMA
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HENRIQUE FONSECA GOULART
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JOÃO GOMES DA COSTA
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JOÃO MANOEL DA SILVA
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KARLOS ANTONIO LISBOA RIBEIRO JUNIOR
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MAYRA MACHADO DE MEDEIROS FERRO
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Data: Aug 5, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Dioscorea bulbifera L., commonly known as air yam, is an edible crop belonging to the botanical family Dioscoreaceae, and it has increasingly attracted attention due to its socioeconomical relevance for smallholder farmers in Brazil. Although its natural resistance to diseases, air yam is affected by plant pararetroviruses into the genus Badnavirus (family Caulimoviridae). Badnaviruses have double-stranded, semicircular, DNA genomes of 7.4 to 9.0 kb in size, encapsidated into non-enveloped, bacilliform particles and are mainly transmitted by mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). To molecularly characterize the species diversity and complete genomes of badnaviruses associated with D. bulbifera in Brazil, plant samples (n=60) were collected from different growing regions. Partial sequences of the reverse transcriptase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RNase H) domains (~530 bp) were amplified by PCR and Sanger sequenced from 26 positive samples, while full-length genome sequences were recovered from three representative samples. The new partial RT-RNase H sequences were identified as belonging to the badnaviruses Dioscorea bacilliform AL virus, Dioscorea bacilliform SN virus, and Dioscorea bacilliform TR virus, and the endogenous pararetrovirus dioscorea rotundata endogenous virus eDBV12. Further, a putative species novel tentatively named Dioscorea bacilliform BL virus was partially characterized, sharing highest nucleotide identity with eDBV12 sequences, at 73.4-79.9%. The Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on partial RT-RNase H sequences showed that the new sequences were clustered in three different clades, with the new species being more closely related to eDBV12. Finally, three Illumina-based badnaviral genomes were assembled from 2,240 to 30,668 reads and a coverage depth of 74 to 963 times. The new genomes ranged from 7,208 to 7,420 bp in size and showed typical badnaviral genomic organization with three main open reading frames (ORFs 1-3). The complete RT-RNase H sequences (~1,230 bp) retrieved from the new viral genomes were more closely related to Dioscorea bacilliform AL virus (n=1) and Dioscorea bacilliform SN virus (n=2), at 85.1-86.6 and 82.2-83.9% nucleotide identity, respectively. These results reinforce the high badnaviral species diversity usually observed associated with Dioscorea spp. and constitute the first report of dioscorea bacilliform TR virus (DBTRV) in D. bulbifera. Also, these are the first complete genome sequences of yam-infecting badnaviruses described in Brazil.
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7
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LUCIANA CASTELO BRANCO CAMURÇA FERNANDES
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EQUIPAMENT DEVELOPMENT FOR ASSESSING SOUND LOCATION IN HUMAN BEINGS
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Advisor : PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ILKA DO AMARAL SOARES
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LAERCIO POL FACHIN
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LILIAN FERREIRA MUNIZ
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LILIANE DESGUALDO PEREIRA
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LUCIANA APARECIDA CORA
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PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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Data: Aug 12, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Sound localization is the ability to identify the source of the sound. This skill is fundamental for the development of selective attention, is helps in oral communication and is known as one of the skills needed for central auditory processing (PAC). During the evaluation of the PAC, the assessment of this ability is made through the localization test in the five directions. The localization test used in the evaluation of the PAC, needs some adjustments in the applicability and has been discarded by many professionals for not having an equipment for this purpose. Thus, a search for priorities was carried out in order to verify patents field with this theme, verifying onlu parents that approached subject, with divergent objectives to that of this study. In view of this reality, the need arose to develop new equipment to assess the ability of sound localization and compose the PAC exam. Objective: in living beings. Methodology: This study consists of several states. 1) Equipment development. 2) Software development. 3) Production of sound stimuli. 4) Application of the test in human beings using the new equipment for auditory localization. The study sample will consist of a pilot group, formed by 10 adults with normal CAP; and other group, formed by 10 children with altered CAP. The results will be compered between the localization test in the 5 directions with the localization test with new equipment. Result: The equipment was produced at LATEC, with a patent field with the INPI. It consists of a circuit board, an amplifier, 5 speakers and software, which is registered. Human testing is in its early stages. Expected result: We hope that this product will be a differential for the localization test, collaborating with the diagnosis of the CAP.
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8
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FERNANDA CALHEIROS PEIXOTO TENORIO
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Study of treatment protocols anda analysis of the effects of Covid-19 on the
auditory system
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Advisor : PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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LUCIANA APARECIDA CORA
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ALINE TENORIO LINS CARNAUBA
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ANA CLAUDIA FIGUEIREDO FRIZZO
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KARINA PAES ADVÍNCULA
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KELLY CRISTINA LIRA DE ANDRADE
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Data: Aug 12, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Introduction: The infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus and first identified in 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health concern as it has spread rapidly around the world. Some studies have preliminarily demonstrated that the infection can result in damage to the auditory and vestibular systems. Objectives: Investigate treatment protocols and analyze the effects of COVID-19 on the system. Materials and Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was prepared. In it, the effects of chloroquine / hydroxychloroquine for the human auditory system were
analyzed. In parallel, an observational analytical and cross-sectional study is being carried out in patients who tested positive for COVID-19 and were at least in stage II of the infection. Auditory and vestibular assessments will be performed: otoscopy, audiometry, immittanciometry, auditory brainstem evoked potentials, assessment of cortical auditory evoked potentials and vestibular evoked myogenic potential. Results: the systematic review article with meta-analysis was submitted to a journal and will be presented in this qualification. While the study with human beings, it is in its initial phase and will be presented in defense of the thesis. Conclusion: The aim is to understand the repercussions of the infection on the auditory and vestibular systems, helping the health system to plan actions for the eventual rehabilitation of the compromised patients.
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9
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MARILENE BRANDAO TENORIO FRAGOSO
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CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLAMMATORY AND REDOX IMBALANCE BIOMARKERS IN UMBILICAL CORDS FROM PREGNANCIES WITH PREECLAMPSIA
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Advisor : MARILIA OLIVEIRA FONSECA GOULART
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MARILIA OLIVEIRA FONSECA GOULART
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MAGNA SUZANA ALEXANDRE MOREIRA
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JERUSA MARIA DE OLIVEIRA AMORIM
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FABIANA ANDREA MOURA
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ALANE CABRAL MENEZES DE OLIVEIRA
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MARISA ANDREIA CARVALHO DE FREITAS
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Data: Oct 27, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Introduction: The umbilical cord is responsible for connecting the developing fetus and the placenta, with an essential role for adequate fetal growth and development. Therefore, morphological and functional changes in this can lead to diseases, such as preeclampsia (PE), and bring adverse outcomes to pregnancies. Objective: To compare the levels of redox imbalance and inflammation biomarkers in pregnancies with PE and without PE and analyze their relationship with perinatal outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in Maceió-AL, in 2017, including women diagnosed with PE and others without the disease, through the application of a standardized questionnaire containing socioeconomic and clinical data. After delivery, an umbilical cord sample was collected to measure the levels of the following biomarkers: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), interleukin (IL) 6, 8 and 10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Furthermore, data on newborns from hospital records were collected to assess the outcomes of pregnancies. Statistical analyzes were performed using Stata software version 13.0 and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, adopting a confidence level of 95% (α=0.05), and the chi-square test, Wilcoxon–Mann –Whitney and multinomial and Poisson regressions. Results: 150 pregnant women were studied, 100 with PE and 50 without the disease. The levels of GSH (p ≤ 0.001), GPx (p = 0.016), and MDA (p = 0.028) were higher, as well as IL-6 (p = 0:030) and TNF-α (p ≤ 0:001) were lower in the PE group compared to those without the disease, in addition to their association with perinatal outcomes, including low birth weight, newborns small for gestational age, low birth length and Apgar score in the 1st and 5th minutes of life, being the interaction between groups not significant. Conclusion: Increased levels of GSH, GPx, and MDA and reduced levels of IL-6 and TNF-α demonstrate the presence of redox imbalance in umbilical cords of pregnancies with PE and the presence of an adaptive mechanism aimed at fetal protection. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out more studies on the role of the cord in PE and clinical trials using antioxidant supplementation in this group to analyze their effects on the umbilical cord and the outcomes of pregnancies affected by this illness.
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10
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BRENO ARAÚJO DE MELO
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Use of Infrared Thermography to detect mastitis in crossbred of Murrah × Jafarabadi female buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis - Linnaeus, 1758)
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Advisor : ANGELINA BOSSI FRAGA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ANGELINA BOSSI FRAGA
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KARLOS ANTONIO LISBOA RIBEIRO JUNIOR
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TANIA MARTA CARVALHO DOS SANTOS
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JOSIEL BORGES FERREIRA
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JOÃO GOMES DA COSTA
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Data: Oct 27, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Mastitis is inflammation of the mammary gland of multifactorial origin. It is mainly caused by bacteria and causes economic losses for the entire dairy production sector. The control and diagnosis of mastitis on farms can be costly and time-consuming, demanding laboratory analysis. Diagnostic imaging by infrared thermography (IRT) has become promising in veterinary medicine, as it is a non-invasive method and does not require animal restraint, being able to detect body temperature variations associated with inflammatory processes, such as fever and physiological changes. The objective of the present research was to evaluate the efficiency of IVT for the detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes, making the association between the infrared images of the udder surface and the results of the conventional tests for the diagnosis of mastitis: Somatic cell count (SCC) and California mastitis test (CMT). 300 mammary quarters of crossbred dairy buffaloes (Murrah × Jafarabadi) were evaluated. Thermographic images were obtained from the following regions of the udder: right hindquarter (RQ) and left hindquarter (LQ). Thermal imaging and milk samples were taken at 60-day intervals between the years 2021 and 2022. Samples were obtained before the morning milking. To obtain the thermographic images, a thermographic camera model Flir tg165® was used. The camera was calibrated for an emissivity of 0.98. The images were collected with an angle of 90° and a distance of 0.50 meters. The diagnosis of subclinical mastitis was performed by CMT and CCS. The results for CMT were based on a score where: 0 = negative reaction, 1(+) = moderately positive reaction, 2(++) = positive reaction and 3(+++) = strongly positive reaction. For the CCS, samples of 50 mL of milk were collected from each breast room studied and then sent to the Clínica do Leite – Piracicaba/SP. Animals with CCS values ≤ 200,000 cells/mL were considered healthy, and those with CCS >200,000 cells/mL were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis. Correlation analyzes were performed Pearson (at 5%) and Linear regression between CCS, CMT and temperature. Sensitivity and specificity analyze were performed to determine the ability of TIV to detect subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes. The CMT and CCS tests identified that of the 243 mammary quarters evaluated, 61.72% (150/243) were healthy buffaloes and 38.27% (93/243) had subclinical mastitis. The CCS of healthy breast quarters ranged from 9.00 to 136.00 (×103 cell/mL), while that for diseased breast quarters ranged from 201.00 to 7411.00 (×103 cell/mL). Score 3(+++) presented the highest mean value for CCS (2839.48 ×103 cell/mL). The TIVU of scores 0; 1(+); 2(+) and 3(+++) differed significantly, ranging from 33.52°C to 35.8°C. Score 3+ had the highest mean TIVU value (34.83°C). The CMT identified that the highest proportion of breast rooms evaluated were classified with a score of 1+ (40.00%), followed by scores of 3+ (35.48%) and a score of 2++ (24.73%). There were significant positive correlations between all mastitis indicators (CCS and CMT) and TIVU. TIVU showed positive correlations with CCS (r = 0.58) and CMT (r = 0.60) (P < 0.0001). The highest correlation recorded was between CCS and CMT (0.80). The relationship between TIVU and CCS was best fitted to a logarithmic equation [TIVU, °C = 31.48+ 0.38 × ln(CCS, × 103 cel/mL); R2 = 0.34; P < 0.0001). We conclude that IVT can be a valuable tool as a non-invasive method of control and detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes, contributing to facilitate the management of diagnoses of the disease under the same conditions of milk production under study.
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11
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CHRYSLANE BARBOSA DA SILVA
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STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF Acharia auromacula Schaus, 1896 (LEPIDOPTERA: LIMACODIDAE) and Caligo illioneus illioneus Cramer, 1775 (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE)
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Advisor : ANTONIO EUZEBIO GOULART SANTANA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ANTONIO EUZEBIO GOULART SANTANA
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HENRIQUE FONSECA GOULART
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JOSÉ MAURICIO SIMÕES BENTO
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RAFAEL MAJOR PITTA
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RUTH RUFINO DO NASCIMENTO
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TIAGO CARDOSO DA COSTA LIMA
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Data: Oct 31, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Arecaceae comprises palm trees that have great potential for the agricultural market, however, its expansion ends up being limited by factors such as the presence of pest insects. Oil palm (Elaeis guineenses Jacq.) is a palm tree cultivated in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil and has a diversity of pests associated with the culture, which in most cases do not have registered products for their control. As a way to minimize the presence of insects in the area of cultivation and use of pesticides, new control strategies are used, such as the behavioral one, which uses semiochemicals, mainly pheromones, to control insect pests in agricultural environments. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and typology of the sensilla in the antennae, histology of the pheromone gland, location of the androconial region and obtain the chemical composition in Acharia auromacula and Caligo illioneus illioneus. At first, insects were collected in oil palm planting areas on the farms of Grupo Agropalma SA, in the city of Thailand – Pará. The material (eggs, caterpillars and pupae) was sent to the Natural Resources Research Laboratory and maintained in a breeding room until obtaining adult insects for analysis. For both species, the morphology of the antennae and identification of the sensilla were carried out by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the extracts of the different parts of the insects' body (♂ and ♀) were obtained by extraction with HPLC grade hexane solvent and analyzed by GC /EAG, CG/DIC and CG/EM. For A. auromacula, histological analysis was performed with an ovipositor and for C. i. illioneus used the androconia region. As results for A. auromacula it was verified sexual dimorphism in the antennas and identified several types of sensilla, such as basiconic, trichoid, auricillic and coeloconic in both sexes, being able to act in the chemoreception. In C.i. illioneus there is no dimorphism in the antennae and among the types of sensilla stand out basiconic, trichoid and coeloconic in both sexes. The pheromone gland was located in the ovipositor of the female A. auromacula, which has a set of glandular cells. the majority compound is the Decanal. In C.i. illioneus in males the androconia region on the wings and abdomen was observed, the chemical composition profile demonstrates that the androconia region has male-specific compounds. Therefore, this information provides important data on the chemical communication of the A. auromacula moth and the C. i. illioneus.
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12
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TAMIRES ALVES DO NASCIMENTO
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CONTRIBUTIONS OF MOLECULAR ELECTROCHEMISTRY IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AND IN THE ANALYSIS OF FLUORESCENT PROBES
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Advisor : MARILIA OLIVEIRA FONSECA GOULART
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ANA CAROLINE FERREIRA SANTOS
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ANTONIO EUZEBIO GOULART SANTANA
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JADRIANE DE ALMEIDA XAVIER
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JERUSA MARIA DE OLIVEIRA AMORIM
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MARILIA OLIVEIRA FONSECA GOULART
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Data: Nov 21, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Molecular electrochemistry is useful for characterizing redox reactions and deciphering reactional mechanisms associated with electron transfer. Quinones represent a wide and varied family of metabolites of natural distribution. The interest in these substances has increased due to their contribution to vital biochemical processes and increasing prominence for their biological and pharmacological activities. Despite the various beneficial effects, quinones are also considered toxins. It is precisely this double behavior (pro-oxidant versus antioxidant) that gives this class of compounds a peculiarity of great interest to researchers, especially in medicinal chemistry. Fluorescent compounds are attractive substrates and have been widely used as chemical sensors, laser dyes, and therapeutic applications, and their electrochemical properties are adjustable. Substitution at different positions affects the electronic environment around the BODIPY core, causing characteristic changes in oxidation and reduction potentials and other physical-chemical properties. Both quinones and BODIPYS are promising bioactive molecules that have stood out as prototype candidates for drugs or probes. This work investigated the electrochemical behavior in electrochemical cells, in vitro hybrid quinones and nitrosyl-BODIPYs, in an aprotic medium ((ACN or DMF + TBAPF6 0.1 mol L-1) to obtain data on their redox mechanisms, electrogenerated intermediates, formation of reactive oxygen species, and interaction with biological macromolecules. The electrochemical techniques used were cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry on vitreous carbon electrodes (d = 3 mm). The counter electrode was a platinum wire, and the reference electrode, Ag | AgCl, Cl− (saturated). We investigated 14 acrylated quinones, and in the comparison among reduction potentials and biological activities, it was noted that the most electrophilic (more positive reduction potentials) presented the highest trypanocidal activity (CI50/24 h, less than about 300 μM), except for one of them. An apparent correlation between the presence of an electron-withdrawing group, such as chlorine, with an easier reduction and a higher biological activity, appeared, together with an ideal range for the reduction potential. In the aprotic medium employed, all compounds, with first wave reduction potential values (Ep1c), around -0.5 V or more positive, were active. These compounds can be considered "highly oxidizing" in this biological context, with consequences on trypanocidal activity. Nitrosylated BODIPYs were investigated at α (5-nitrosyl) and β (6-nitrosyl). The location of the NO group on α or β strongly affects the electronic structures and redox behavior. The electrochemical spectrum associated with Conceptual Density analysis and Functional Theory (CDFT) corroborates the voltammetric results and explains the unexpected reactivity differences. The nitrosyl group is the first to be reduced in 5-nitrosyl-BODIPY, while in the beta isomer, the nitrosyl group strongly facilitates the reduction in the BODIPY moiety.
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13
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CLAUDINETE DOS SANTOS SILVA
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Influence of volatile compounds common to sex pheromone and host fruits on reproductive behavior of male Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae)
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Advisor : RUTH RUFINO DO NASCIMENTO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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RUTH RUFINO DO NASCIMENTO
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FABIANE CAXICO DE ABREU GALDINO
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FRANCIS SOARES GOMES
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JOÃO GOMES DA COSTA
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IARA SORDI JOACHIM BRAVO
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ADRIANA DE LIMA MENDONCA
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Data: Dec 9, 2022
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Show Abstract
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The fruit fly Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae) represents one of the main pests in the world's fruit culture, as it is a polyphagous insect whose larvae feed on the fruit pulp, causing great economic losses for producing and exporting countries. A promising tool for the integrated management of this pest is the use of volatile compounds from host fruits combined with male pheromone. These substances are used by conspecific males to attract other males in order to potentiate the emission of the sex pheromone, attracting females for mating. There are few studies related to chemical communication of the species under study, and no comparative research on the chemistry of volatile compounds common to hosts and the pheromone released by males has been reported in the literature. To understand the role of volatile organic compounds present in mixtures released by host fruits and virgin males of this insect-pest, in different stages of reproductive behavior (calling and copulation), the present work aimed to study the attraction of virgin males to formulations of mixtures of common compounds to pheromonal mixture released by virgin males of A. obliqua and to host fruits guava, carambola and mango, through behavioral bioassays conducted in the laboratory. Therefore, the dynamic headspace technique was used to obtain extracts containing the volatile compounds released by sexually mature males and by the host fruits, and the compounds common to the pheromone mixture and the host fruits were identified through comparisons of literature data. The results showed that, among the 14 mixtures tested, derived from different fruits, twelve were attractive to virgin males of A. obliqua, when compared to the control treatment (mixture of male volatiles with fruit volatiles), namely: M1FG , M2FG, M3FG, M4FG and M5FG, consisting of compounds common to guava and sex pheromone; M2FC, M3FC and M4FC, made up of compounds common to carambola and sex pheromone and M2FM, M3FM, M4FM, made up of compounds common to mango and sex pheromone. The M5FM mixture exerted greater attractiveness than the control treatment, while the M1FC and M1FM mixtures, common to sex pheromone and to carambola and mango fruits, respectively, elicited less attraction in males than the control treatment. New bioassays must be conducted to evaluate the effect of these formulations on the sexual performance of males of A. obliqua
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14
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THAIS NOBRE UCHÔA SOUZA
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New verbal discrimination test with the use of mismatch negativity in children with phonological disorder
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Advisor : PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ANA CLAUDIA FIGUEIREDO FRIZZO
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GUILHERME BENJAMIN BRANDAO PITTA
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KELLY CRISTINA LIRA DE ANDRADE
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LUCIANA MACEDO DE RESENDE
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MARCIA KESKE-SOARES
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PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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Data: Dec 21, 2022
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Show Abstract
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Auditory discrimination represents a fundamental aspect for the correct production of speech sounds, as it is through the perception of acoustic characteristics that phonemes can be distinguished from one another, generating appropriate neural representations. Children with phonological disorder present disorganization of the sound system, with the presence of substitution and/or omission of phonemes, in an age group that is no longer expected. The etiology of this disorder is still not clear, however, the inability to audibly discriminate the characteristics of phonemes may be a causal or aggravating factor of this condition. Given the relationship between auditory skills and phonological disorder, the investigation of auditory processing in these children becomes extremely valuable. Thus, the objective assessment of auditory processing, through electrophysiological tests of hearing, such as the Mismatch Negativity, plays a relevant role in studies of this population. In the search for a greater understanding of this theme, a systematic review with meta-analysis was carried out, in order to know the researches that used the Mismatch Negativity to assess auditory discrimination in children with the disorder, and to have an overview of the protocols used in these studies. Few studies were found in the literature that used this potential in the studied population and no studies were found that related the verbal stimulus used for auditory discrimination with the phonological processes that children with phonological disorders present in their speech. In addition, still focusing on the auditory discrimination of children with phonological disorders, the development of a device that could contribute to the therapy of these children was proposed, providing a better perception and discrimination of phonemes, necessary for the adequate production of speech, enabling thus, a more efficient auditory feedback, and that would also offer the teaching practice the possibility of a more refined shared learning of the acoustic characteristics of speech. Knowing that the investigation of the relationship between the skills of speech production and perception is essential for these children, since new discoveries can reorganize the intervention model for this population, it was proposed to develop a new verbal discrimination test with use of the Mismatch Negativity for children with phonological disorder, using verbal stimuli that correspond to phonological processes. The research aimed to compare the auditory discrimination ability of children with phonological and neurotypic disorders, aged between four and seven years, of both sexes, using the Mismatch Negativity, using the natural speech stimuli /ta/, /ga/ and /da/, developed for the present study. The stimuli were chosen to be matched in pairs so as to correspond to phonological processes, with the stimulus /ta/x/da/ being associated with the deafening process or the sound of plosives and the stimulus /ga/x/da/ related to frontalization or posteriorization to velar, in which the syllable /da/ was always presented as the rare stimulus, with 20% of appearance. The results were analyzed statistically. The sample studied showed a high prevalence of phonological disorder in boys, aged 5 years, with mild-moderate severity and with a higher occurrence of processes of consonant cluster simplification, liquid simplification and final consonant simplification. In the intragroup comparison, it was possible to verify that children with phonological disorder discriminate in a similar way the pairs of stimuli used. There was no correlation between MMN and speech intelligibility.
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15
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RANILDE CRISTIANE CAVALCANTE COSTA
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Development of a diagnostic test to identify auditory discrimination levels with cortical auditory evoked potentials
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Advisor : PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALINE TENORIO LINS CARNAUBA
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ANA CLAUDIA FIGUEIREDO FRIZZO
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GUILHERME BENJAMIN BRANDAO PITTA
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PEDRO DE LEMOS MENEZES
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SILVANA MARIA SOBRAL GRIZ
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VALDETE ALVES VALENTINS DOS SANTOS FILHA
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Data: Dec 22, 2022
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Show Abstract
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The examination of cortical auditory evoked potentials is used to characterize auditory processing, based on different stimuli, which can be elicited by pure tone or speech. Speech sounds are composed of different distinctive features that are defined as acoustic-articulation characteristics capable of marking the difference between phonemes. Changes in speech sounds, a condition frequently observed during child development, may be related to difficulties in auditory discrimination. Considering the characteristics of speech for the definition of stimuli that can be used to elicit evoked potentials, this research was divided into three stages. Initially, speech stimuli were defined considering the distinctive features to perform the examination of cortical auditory evoked potentials in adults and children with normal hearing and speech, with the aim of developing a diagnostic test to identify levels of auditory discrimination. Preliminary results showed that the stimuli were able to generate cortical auditory evoked potentials, making it possible to identify the N1-P2-N2 complex in adults and children. The analysis of partial data showed that there is no difference between the three stimuli in the adult population. Data collection from children has not been completed. Then, a systematic review was carried out with meta-analysis on cortical auditory potentials in children with phonological disorder, finding that there is no difference in N1-P2-N2 latency in these children, when compared to children with typical speech development. Finally, a speech screening application is under development with the aim of early identification of children with phonological disorders. Initial tests indicate that the application works properly.
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