Dissertations/Thesis

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2024
Dissertations
1
  • CARLINDO JOSÉ DA SILVA NETO
  • Mapping Tourism in the Coral Coast Touristic Region of Alagoas: An Analysis of the Lodging Sector – 2010 to 2020

  • Advisor : CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • ELMER NASCIMENTO MATOS
  • Data: Jan 16, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • This study aims to map the tourism industry in the Coral Coast region of Alagoas, focusing on the lodging sector from 2010 to 2020. To achieve this, a comprehensive literature review was conducted, along with an assessment of actions, policies, and programs by the Federal Government and the State of Alagoas that have influenced the development in tourism-specific areas, with a special emphasis on the lodging sector. Secondary data from the hotel sector, including the number of hotels and guesthouses, housing units, type of establishment, categories, etc., were collected. Additionally, data on the labor market in these municipalities were gathered, such as the number of workers (gender, age, race, etc.), through RAIS/CAGED, Alagoas in Data, National Tourism Observatory, among other sources. It concludes that tourism has significantly advanced in the Coral Coast region, as evidenced by the growth in accommodation facilities built over recent years. However, there needs to be a greater focus on environmental issues and the productive inclusion of the local population.

2
  • NATHALIA LAVINIA FARIAS DE ARAUJO COUTINHO
  • IMPACT EVALUATION OF SECURITY POLICIES: THE CASE OF THE PAID VOLUNTEER SERVICE PROGRAM - TASK FORCE IN THE STATE OF ALAGOAS

  • Advisor : KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA CAROLINA DA CRUZ LIMA
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • Data: Feb 9, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • The government of the State of Alagoas, in 2014, enacted the law that created the Remunerated Voluntary Service Program, which aimed primarily at reducing the number of homicides through the promotion of a culture of peace in the state and integration with other measures that bring greater security to the population. That said, the objective of this work is to evaluate the impact of the program popularly known as Task Force, on homicide indicators. The strategy for conducting the analysis will follow the synthetic control methodology, in pursuit of obtaining a counterfactual for this indicator, estimating in turn, the impact of the program. Data were extracted from microdata produced by the Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (Pnadc), by the Atlas da Violência from Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea), and through the databases of Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM - DATASUS), between the period of 2010 to 2021, aiming to analyze the trajectory of the variables of interest. The results show that, if the Task Force Program had not been implemented, the trajectory of the number of homicides would have continued on a trend of steep growth. In a long-term analysis, there is a decrease of over 50.02% in homicides between 2014 and 2021, in contrast with the projection of synthetic control, which showed a smaller reduction, about 17.06%. It is estimated that with the implementation of the program, 4,086 lives have been saved. Therefore, evidence has been found that the said policy has been successful in what it proposed, reducing the increasing trajectory of the number of homicides, showing that the adopted public policy can be effective in reducing violent crimes, which does not exempt the need for monitoring of these data so that the policy continues to yield positive results.

3
  • CAMILA TAVARES CORREIA DA SILVA
  • ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACTS CAUSED BY INCIDENTS AT THE BRASKEM MINING COMPANY IN MACEIÓ-AL FROM THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE OF LOCAL MERCHANTS

  • Advisor : ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • WALDECY RODRIGUES
  • JACQUES DEMAJOROVIC
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • NATALLYA DE ALMEIDA LEVINO
  • Data: Apr 29, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • In 2018, residents of several neighborhoods in Maceió felt an earthquake that started a series of events in some neighborhoods. After studies by the Brazilian Geological Service (SGB) (2019) confirmed that the salt extraction mines, operated by Braskem in Maceió, generated soil destabilization, causing subsidence in the neighborhoods of Pinheiro, Mutange, Bom Parto, Bebedouro and part of Farol. The objective of this work is to analyze the impacts generated by the Braskem disaster in Maceió/AL on the financial-economic perspective of companies in the region. The methodology concerns a quantitative approach with descriptive statistical analysis using measures of central tendency, proportion and variability in addition to econometrics with methods of differences and differences. The sample collection approach follows the non-probabilistic approach with a snowball strategy and accessibility due to the particularities of the research. To this end, a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to 3 groups of entrepreneurs: directly affected, indirectly affected and not affected. The results show that the disaster caused by Braskem had an impact on the companies directly affected on liquidity, profitability and debt indicators, while those indirectly affected had an impact on liquidity indicators, while those not affected showed relative stability in their indexes. Furthermore, multidimensional effects were observed that also appear to affect infrastructure, logistics, quality of products and services offered, satisfaction with compensation and other aspects. Given the results, the need for more effective support measures and policies that are capable of minimizing the impacts of the disaster and promoting the sustainable recovery of local companies became evident.

4
  • THALLYSON EDUARDO ALVES MARTINS
  • EFFECTS OF NON-TARIFF MEASURES ON BRAZIL'S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: 2012-2020.

  • Advisor : CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • LARISSA NAVES DE DEUS DORNELAS
  • VIRGINIA LAURA FERNÁNDEZ
  • Data: May 21, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • Economic literature shows that many developing economies have benefited from Global Value Chains (GVCs). However, regarding Brazil, its participation in GVCs is relatively lower compared to other global economies and even to those in the Latin American region. Concerning tariff and non-tariff measures (NTMs), Brazil has focused on both trade defense measures and export support measures. This dissertation sought to analyze the effects of non-tariff measures on Brazil's participation in GVCs. To this end, the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) econometric methodology was used, analyzing 18 sectors in a set of 75 countries from 2012 to 2020. The main results reveal a positive effect of the bilateral regulatory distance between Brazil and its partners, measured by the BIRD index, on Brazil's traditional trade. This may reflect the fact that, as Brazil's export basket is predominantly composed of primary goods, non-tariff measures, especially sanitary and phytosanitary ones, can play a competitive differentiating role between Brazilian exporting companies that meet these compliance requirements and foreign companies. However, when viewed through the lens of GVCs, the results were ambiguous, as the regulatory distance indicator showed a positive effect on Brazil's forward participation in GVCs and the opposite effect on its backward participation. Thus, this research suggests that Brazil should make efforts to harmonize its NTMs toward international regulatory standards.


5
  • ROSANA DEISE FERREIRA DOS SANTOS
  • OVERVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION RELATED TO EDUCATION AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION: PROPOSITION OF THEORETICAL GAPS

  • Advisor : WESLEY VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • Carlos Alano Soares de Almeida
  • Sandro Valdeci Lemes Deretti
  • WESLEY VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • Data: May 30, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • The systematic literature review allows scholars on the subject of education and income distribution to consolidate existing knowledge on the topic, by bringing together and synthesizing the findings of several studies already carried out, enabling a broader and deeper understanding of the relationship studied, seeking to identify gaps that may be the subject of future research studies, which justifies carrying out this research. In this sense, the objective of this work is to find evidence about research on the relationship between education and income distribution based on international scientific literature. The systematic literature review technique was used based on the protocol developed by Tranfield, Denyer and Smart (2003) which covers three stages: (1) review planning; (2) carrying out the review and (3) disseminating knowledge. To this end, we used the textual corpus containing 101 primary articles from 78 different journals based on strict sample selection criteria collected in the Scopus and Web of Science journal databases, aiming to answer the research problem. The results obtained for primary articles were stratified in an Excel spreadsheet through content analysis and using the bibliometric packages VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, Gephi and T-Lab Plus 2022, from which it was possible to assess the validity of the three main bibliometric laws regarding analysis of author productivity (Lotka's Law), journal productivity (Bradford's Law) and word cloud (Zipf's Law). The results found allow us to affirm that there is an exponential trend in the temporal evolution of publications, in addition to showing that there is a research elite on the topic, with a number of 10 authors most engaged in carrying out research. Additionally, the country cluster analysis divided the corpus into 3 groups, the first has 3 countries, with China as a highlight, the second has 6 countries and has the United Kingdom as a highlight and the last cluster has the United States as a reference among 10 countries. Regarding the analysis of the grouping of keywords, it is possible to state that of the 30 words with the highest frequency in the corpus, 150 connections were found, which allows us to affirm that the keywords are not independent, with a strong connection between them. Furthermore, this work provides readers with a list of propositions and insights into the relationship investigated with a view to developing future work.

6
  • DAYVISSON SOARES DA SILVA
  • AFFECTIVE MEMORY IN THE 2022 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: Analysis of retrospective economic voting in Brazilian municipalities
  • Advisor : VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • JOILSON DE ASSIS CABRAL
  • LUCIANA SANTOS COSTA VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • Data: Jun 11, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • Retrospective economic voting refers to the tendency of voters to evaluate incumbents or political parties based on their observed economic performance during their term in office. This assessment often occurs at the time of an election and influences the voter's decision about re-electing the incumbent or voter for another candidate or party. The research proposal that we intend to carry out consists of an analysis of the result of the second round of the 2022 Brazilian presidential election, from the perspective of retrospective economic voting, using the multiple regression model with panel data collected by municipality. The work methodology also includes a systematic literature review, showing in an organized way the steps for the final formulation of the project. The study shows that there is a strong relationship between poverty reduction and electoral accessibility, showing that the Brazilian electorate tends to use some economic variable to decide your choice at the polls.
7
  • PAULO CÉSAR DA SILVA
  • ANALYSIS OF THE STATE FUND TO COMBAT AND ERADICATE POVERTY (FECOEP) IN ALAGOAS (2010-2020)

  • Advisor : ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • MARLENE GRADE
  • Data: Aug 1, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • The objective is to characterize the State Fund for Combating and Eradicating Poverty – FECOEP, describing and evaluating the actions, as well as analyzing the results of the implemented programs that contribute to the reduction of poverty in the state of Alagoas in the period from 2010 to 2020. Thus, It is observed that the fund tries to reach the poor population with projects that aim to reduce inequality in Alagoas, allocated in areas of food security, family farming and support for social assistance policy actions. The methodology also includes a bibliographical review, based on theoretical references, and documents, with data collection that will serve as a basis for the study of the implemented projects.

8
  • SOLEMAR GAMA SOUSA
  • ANALYSIS OF THE MACEIÓ REAL ESTATE MARKET BASED

    ON THE SALES VELOCITY INDEX (2020-2023)

  • Advisor : FRANCISCO JOSE PEIXOTO ROSARIO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • FRANCISCO JOSE PEIXOTO ROSARIO
  • REYNALDO RUBEM FERREIRA JUNIOR
  • TAINÁ TEIXEIRA CAVALCANTE DE LIMA
  • Data: Sep 24, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • This study focuses on the analysis of the real estate market in
    the city of Maceió from the perspective of the Sales Speed Index
    (IVV). The objective of the research is to analyze the real estate
    market in Maceió contemplating the demand, supply and sales
    speed index between 2020 and 2023, to understand the trends
    and variables that influence the performance of this sector in the
    city. To achieve this objective, data on the real estate market of
    Maceió provided by the Construction Industry Union of the State
    of Alagoas (SINDUSCON-AL) were analyzed. The methodology
    begins with a literature review to qualitatively characterize the
    real estate market, the factors that influence it, and the indices
    and indicators related to it. After the analysis of supply, demand
    and IVV, a more specific analysis followed, seeking to identify
    the relationship of the Sales Speed Index with the economic
    data of the market. The results indicate that the real estate
    market of Maceió showed a preference for vertical residential
    developments, with emphasis on smaller apartments of 1 or 2
    bedrooms. In addition, the analysis of the economic indices
    revealed that the economic indicators directly linked to the real
    estate market, such as: INCC, IGP-M, CUB/M² and IPCA, are
    not linked to the evolution of the IVV in the real estate market of
    Maceió. However, the real estate market in Maceió has
    undergone oscillations and changes, especially in the COVID-19
    period, changing the demand for properties in the market and
    increasing the square meter values of vertical residential
    properties.

9
  • MARIA DOS SANTOS MARQUES
  • ESSAYS ON FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN BRAZIL

  • Advisor : KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • ANA CAROLINA DA CRUZ LIMA
  • Data: Oct 28, 2024


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation analyzes female entrepreneurship in Brazil through three essays that explore different aspects that influence women's participation in entrepreneurship. The first essay analyzes the main factors that explain gender differences in entrepreneurship in Brazil in 2019. For this, logistic regression and Fairlie decomposition are used. The database is the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNADC) of 2019. The results reveal that, although female entrepreneurship has grown, women face greater challenges compared to men, with cultural and social barriers affecting their insertion in the entrepreneurial market. Responsibility for the household, income, and education are relevant factors that influence men and women differently. The second essay analyzes how individual, household, and regional characteristics influence the determinants of female entrepreneurship in rural Brazil in 2019, using the logit model, using microdata from the 2019 Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNADC). Specifically, we aim to investigate the likelihood of rural women becoming entrepreneurs through agricultural and non-agricultural activities. In addition, we aim to examine how per capita household income affects rural female entrepreneurship by income quantiles. The main results reveal that in Brazil, the chances of women becoming rural entrepreneurs are influenced by a variety of factors, including race, age, education, family size, per capita income, access to technologies, regional aspects, and government support, such as retirement, union participation, and social programs such as Bolsa Família. Finally, essay three analyzes the spatial determinants of female entrepreneurship in Brazilian municipalities, using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (AEDE) and spatial econometric models. Data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) from 2010 were used. The results indicate positive spatial autocorrelation, with emphasis on the South and Southeast regions. Factors such as per capita income, educational level, and urbanization significantly influence the rate of female entrepreneurship, with a higher propensity observed in urbanized areas. Additionally, nearby municipalities share female entrepreneurial characteristics, suggesting a "contagion effect". We conclude that public policies aimed at regional development and gender equality are essential to promote an inclusive and favorable environment for female entrepreneurship in Brazil.


2023
Dissertations
1
  • VINICIUS CASTRO MOREIRA DA SILVA
  • THE IMPACT OF THE BOLSA FAMÍLIA PROGRAM ON MIGRATION IN ALAGOAS, MARANHÃO AND PIAUÍ

  • Advisor : ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • Paulo Henrique de Oliveira Hoeckel
  • Data: Mar 31, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This work sought to investigate how the Bolsa Família Program - PBF impacted migration, long-term migration and return migration, focusing on each of the three poorest states in Brazil (Alagoas, Maranhão and Piauí). Making use of microdata from the 2010 Population Census, submitted to the Propensity Score Matching method – PSM for the nearest neighbor algorithms, five nearest neighbors, Inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment – IPWRA and Ordinary Least Squares – OLS. The study showed that PBF negatively impacts migration, in addition to positively stimulating long-term migration and return migration. To verify the robustness of the observed results, the research performed the Mantel-Haenszel test and the Oster approach (2015). Finally, an additional analysis was also carried out investigating the impact of the PBF on individuals in rural and urban areas separately, which presented different results.

2
  • OBERDAN FELLYPY BARBOSA DE LIMA
  • International Labor Migration and Sport Economics: A Systematic Review of

    the Literature

  • Advisor : VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • ROBSON DE FARIA SILVA
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • WESLEY VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • Data: May 25, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The International Expatriation in Sport is a segment of international labor migration with particularities in its flows, however, it is also part of the globalization process, contributing to and being a consequence of inequalities in the field of sports economics. The present work aims to analyze international labor migration associated with the economy of sport, using as a technical procedure of analysis the systematic literature review method. The systematic literature review is a method capable of identifying, selecting, evaluating, and synthesizing the relevant evidence available on a topic based on a research question. The primary studies used for this systematic literature review were obtained from the Scopus and Web of Science journal databases. The research protocol used in this study refers to the one developed by Transfield et al., (2003). The corpus textual extracted after the use of the inclusion and exclusion criteria makes up a total of 31 articles, published between the years 2005 and 2022. The results obtained from the corpus analysis show a total of 59 authors and co-authors, distributed in 17 countries, with a higher concentration in the United States and the United Kingdom. These authors published their work in 19 journals, the three main ones being the Journal of Sports Economics, Leisure Studies, and the International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing. Soccer stands out as the most prominent sport in the articles. The main contexts of the application of sports economics in international labor migration are competitive balance, performance within the sports market, and the motivational factors for sports expatriation.

     

     

3
  • ANA CRISTINA VALÉRIO LINS
  • THE SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF INFECTIOUS BOWEL DISEASES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD IN BRAZILIAN MUNICIPALITIES BETWEEN 2010 TO 2015

  • Advisor : KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA CAROLINA DA CRUZ LIMA
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • Data: Jun 29, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation aims to study hospital admissions due to intestinal infectious diseases in childhood, considered a public health problem, seeking to capture the socioeconomic determinants that directly impact the development of diseases in Brazilian minucipalities. Thus, it sought to detect the determinants of hospital admissions in the period from 2010 to 2015, using data obtained from the DATASUS and PNUD portal. To meet the objective of the study, descriptive statistics were used using the Quantile Regression model. It was found that hospital admissions have an irreparable harm in children under five years of age, because the child’s immune system is still fragile and not fully informed, it was identified that the lowest average rate of hospitalizations are in the South and Southeast regions and the highest rates of hospitalizations per region are in the North and Northeast because they are socioeconomically disadvantaged regions, wait for other regions and that even with incentives for health programs aimed at children, we still have a considerable number of hospitalizations in the country. The results found show that the variables that directly impact the increase in hospitalizations for this population group are: per capita income, the gini index, the percentage of children in households where no one has completed elementary school, the percentage of people in households whit inadequate water supply and sanitation, percentage of urban population, number of resident physicians per thousand inhabitants, number of resident nurses per thousand inhabitants and number of hospital beds per thousand resident inhabitants. These variables had a major impact on the number of childhood hospitalizations in Brazilian municipalities.

4
  • DEBORA CARVALHO DE SENA PEREIRA
  • DEADLY AND INTENTIONAL VIOLENT CRIMES (CVLI): VICTIMS VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

  • Advisor : KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • MARCO ANTONIO JORGE
  • Data: Jun 30, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation aims to develop a study on Intentional and Lethal Violent Crimes (homicide, robbery and bodily injury followed by death) in Alagoas, being a pioneering study in the parallel analysis of the usual literature systematizations, the database used brings the on Intentional and Lethal Violent Crimes that occurred in the state of Alagoas during the years 2016 to 2021. Through the methodology used in this study, multinomial logistic regression, we seek to measure the probability of the variables and their vulnerabilities for understanding the victimological profile against the on Intentional and Lethal Violent Crimes  , in addition to , shows possible configurations (patterns, differences and similarities) inherent, as well as identifying the specifications of the occurrence of the crime taking into account the time of day, the type of weapon and the population exposed to risk). When tracing this profile, it was observed that young men are more vulnerable to Intentional Lethal Violent Crimes, as it was also pointed out that the time with the highest risk of occurrence is early morning. Finally, it should be noted that, given the statistics on Violent Lethal and Intentional Crimes in Alagoas, the research agenda in Economics of Crime must continue to produce more evidence that can contribute to mitigating the numbers of crimes, in addition to producing and applying policies more efficient and incisive public policies in order to protect the victimological profile presented.

5
  • RAUL COSTA CAVALCANTI MANSO
  • THE EFFECTS OF THE DEPTH OF PREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS ON PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS

  • Advisor : CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • MARTA DOS REIS CASTILHO
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • Data: Aug 1, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The intensification of international trade that occurred from the 1980s onwards brought about the fragmentation of production, giving rise to true 'borderless factories' known as Global Value Chains. Simultaneously, instruments of Public International Law have proliferated, with Preferential Trade Agreements standing out among them. These agreements typically aim to liberalize trade and regulate various other topics, including investments, competition policy, intellectual property rights, and procurement. Over time, they have deepened, encompassing a wider range of regulatory provisions within the same framework. This study sought to empirically measure the impact of Preferential Trade Agreements on Global Value Chain trade flows. Specifically, it aimed to determine whether the depth of an agreement affects this specific type of trade. Furthermore, it analyzed whether differences exist based on the type of bilateral relationship, taking into account the development level of the countries involved, as well as the type of participation in Global Value Chains and the specific provisions within each agreement. The research sample included 75 countries, comprising 40 developed and 35 developing countries, spanning the period from 1995 to 2019 at three-year intervals. The study employed the gravity model of international trade using the Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator, which is suitable for capturing the inherent heterogeneity of international trade. The findings indicate that, overall, Preferential Trade Agreements have a positive impact on Global Value Chain flows. Moreover, the deeper the agreement, the greater its effect on this type of trade. Additionally, a more significant impact is observed in terms of backward participation, particularly among developing countries. Furthermore, when examining individual provisions, the following demonstrate the most significant positive effects, respectively: investments, services, technical barriers, intellectual property rights, competition policy, and procurement. Consequently, in addition to presenting new results based on more recent, comprehensive, and methodologically innovative data sources, this research holds important implications for foreign trade policymakers.

6
  • MARIA LUCELIA FELIX NUNES
  • FRUGAL INNOVATION IN MANUFACTURING: A CASE STUDY OF DAIRY PRODUCTION IN THE ALAGOAS.

  • Advisor : FRANCISCO JOSE PEIXOTO ROSARIO
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARAKEN ALVES DE LIMA
  • FRANCISCO JOSE PEIXOTO ROSARIO
  • LUCIANA SANTOS COSTA VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • WESLEY VIEIRA DA SILVA
  • Data: Aug 3, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The milk production chain has been developing in recent years
    through advances in technologies that are increasingly intensified by the means
    more modern and by the simplest or most accessible means of its entrepreneurs,
    that create and recreate technologies that modify their realities mainly
    through Frugal Innovations - IF which are new techniques, new products or
    modified that in their design or architecture are developed with few
    simple resources and technologies with the objective of supplying the needs of the
    consumers. The present study aims to identify elements
    characteristics of frugal innovation in dairy products in the dairy basin of the sertão
    Alagoano-BLSAL, contributing to increased productivity and differentiation
    of dairy products favoring competitiveness in this sector. Is important
    highlight that this FI has a direct impact on the performance of the production process, on the
    production of dairy products contributing to the economic growth of these
    dairy products, favoring the generation of employment and income from the perspective of
    economic development, directly impacting the local commerce of this
    region. In order to do so, a quantitative and qualitative approach will be used as a methodological approach with the application of a Systematic Review of Literature - RSL and to
    data analysis will be used the Multidimensional Scaling Method of
    MDS-data. In this way, the existence and scope of
    frugal innovations in BLSAL dairy and the resources it enables in the
    performance of the production process in the dairy, fostering the development
    and regional economy generating economic dynamism, employment and income for its
    population.

7
  • VICTOR JOSE MORAES DE OMENA
  • SOLIDARITY ECONOMY AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO FIGHT POVERTY IN UNDEVELOPED REGIONS: THE CASE OF THE COOPERATIVE OF RECYCLABLE MATERIALS COOPERATIVES IN ALAGOAS IN THE YEAR 2021

  • Advisor : ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • MARLENE GRADE
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • Data: Aug 28, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The problems of social and economic origin that exist in underdeveloped economies are partly a consequence of the process of concentration of wealth on the part of a minority of the population. Another characteristic that can be observed in underdeveloped economies is in relation to their labor supply, which, in general, have an unlimited supply of labor. The state of Alagoas has the worst HDI in the country, 0.631 and a nominal per capita income of R$796, ahead only of the state of Maranhão. The GINI index of the distribution of family income per capita in 2020 was 0.51, however, when the benefits of government social programs are removed, the GINI index for the region is 0.623. Contrary to this capitalist production model, we find the solidary forms of production, which are grouped in cooperatives or associations with the objective of generating employment and income for the most fragile part of society. Based on a quantitative and descriptive methodology, the work has as general objective to characterize the cooperatives of recyclable material collectors in Alagoas, analyzing the socioeconomic profile of the enterprises seeking to highlight production, income and vulnerability issues.

8
  • VITOR RODRIGUES PEREIRA
  • THE HISTORICAL AND RACIAL INFLUENCE ON DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION AND INCOME IN THE LABOR MARKET IN THE STATE OF ALAGOAS (2000-2020)

  • Advisor : CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • PAULO SERIGO SOUZA FERREIRA
  • Data: Aug 29, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This research delves into the influences of racial identity and the historical legacy of slavery on income disparities within the labor market of the state of Alagoas over the period from 2000 to 2020. Employing a social economics approach, this study seeks to fathom how historical and sociocultural factors have shaped income distribution across distinct ethnic-racial groups in the region. Through the lens of economic and social data, the connections between racial attributes, the history of slavery, educational levels, and earned income were scrutinized. This topic remains relatively unexplored in Alagoas, which magnifies the significance of this study within the regional context. The research takes on a qualitative character and can be classified as descriptive and exploratory. It draws upon secondary data sourced from the Federal University of Alagoas, Demographic Censuses, and National Household Sample Surveys published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The outcomes underscore the persistence of substantial income disparities among racial groups, underscoring that skin color continues to play a pertinent role in determining earnings within both the Alagoas and Brazilian labor markets. Moreover, it was observed that the historical legacy of slavery wields a substantial influence over income disparities, molding employment opportunities, access to education, and social mobility.The conclusions drawn from this study bear implications for public policies geared towards equity and inclusion, highlighting the importance of approaches that confront not only historical origins but also contemporary challenges. This is imperative not just at the outset of one's journey but also through policies that genuinely disrupt the vicious cycle, thereby cultivating a more equitable and just labor market.

9
  • HIARA TEIXEIRA FERREIRA SILVA
  • NEUROECONOMICS AND STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING: A CASE STUDY ON MSE MANAGERS IN THE ALAGOAS RETAIL SECTOR

  • Advisor : VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • VIRGINIA LAURA FERNÁNDEZ
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • Data: Aug 30, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • The starting point for the development of this project will be the analysis of the decision-making process from the perspective of neuroeconomics, in the context of female entrepreneurship. The theoretical framework will be used to explain the decision-making process by women managers of Micro and Small Enterprises (MPE's) in the retail sector of the state of Alagoas, coming from the Digitaliza-MPE's Project. The proposal for the idealization of the project is based on the following assumption: What cognitive aspects influence the strategic decision-making carried out by managers in MSE's to enhance business? The research will aim to analyze which factors induce the strategic decision-making of MSE's managers in the retail sector in the state of Alagoas. In methodological terms, the research will adopt a qualitative-quantitative approach, and will use as a technical procedure the collection of data based on a Likert Scale Survey for the questions. The expected results of the research intend to explain the perceptions of female entrepreneurship in the business world, its behaviors and limitations, contributing to the identification of techniques and analyzes focused on neuroeconomics, neuromarketing, neuroscience, nudges and decision making where it will be possible to add useful insights about the female entrepreneurship, neuroeconomics and decision making

10
  • MARIA LARISSA NUNES DA PAZ
  • New work relationships: uberization in Alagoas

  • Advisor : CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • RICARDO OLIVEIRA LACERDA DE MELO
  • Data: Aug 30, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation aims to analyze the socioeconomic effects of the process of uberization of work in the State of Alagoas, specifically the case of drivers and delivery drivers by applications, between the years 2012 to 2022. The concept of "uberization" stems from a neologism to describe modern forms of control, management and organization of work, based on the provision of services through digital platforms, a process in which the provider has no formal employment relationship. In the case of the State of Alagoas, in view of its high degrees of unemployment and informality, it is crucial to understand the consequences of this new morphology of work. Therefore, the research adopts the dialectical method, presenting a qualitative approach with the use of secondary data. It is classified as an exploratory and descriptive research, since there are still few studies produced on the subject in Alagoas. A broad literature review was carried out on the main changes in the Brazilian labor market in recent decades, as well as data on employment and income, seeking to capture the evolution of the Economically Active Population, via Demographic Censuses and National Surveys by Household Samples, both published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Specifically, we used the microdata of the Continuous PNAD referring to variables interconnected to the segments of drivers and delivery drivers by applications in Alagoas, in comparison with the other categories of employment, in addition to the characterization of the profile of these classes, aiming to assess the relationship between high unemployment and expansion of uberization. It is hoped, in this way, to understand the main transformations and changes processed in the world of work throughout the first decades of the twenty-first century. It is believed that, with the present study, it will be possible to draw a more complete panorama of the Alagoas labor market, encompassing the new forms of work, such as uberization.

11
  • ANTÔNIA ROBERTA ALVES DE GUSMÃO BARROSO
  •  

    Overview of the International Integration of the Northeast Agricultural Sector and Its Relationship with Trade Barriers in the Recent Period


  • Advisor : CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • LARISSA NAVES DE DEUS DORNELAS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • Data: Aug 31, 2023


  • Show Abstract
  •  

    The Northeast region of Brazil plays a crucial role in the Brazilian agricultural sector, primarily due to its production and substantial contribution to exports. This study aims to analyze the international integration of the agricultural sector in the Northeast region of Brazil from 2010 to 2021, focusing on its relationship with trade barriers, both tariff and non-tariff. The analysis employs descriptive statistics based on secondary data from national and international platforms like ComexStat and World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS), with a focus on the Trade Analysis Information System (TRAINS) database. Subsequently, utilizing the gravity model, models were estimated using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML), and PPML with fixed effects (PPMFE). Results highlight significant growth in Northeastern agricultural exports, particularly in plant products. Different states, notably Bahia, Maranhão, and Piauí, significantly contribute to these exports. The Brazilian agricultural sector faces varying tariffs, affecting its global market entry, alongside numerous sanitary and phytosanitary barriers focused on horticultural products, plants, roots, tubers, and live plants, reflecting concerns for health and phytosanitary safety. Tariffs negatively impact Northeastern agricultural exports, with consistently negative coefficients, indicating that higher tariffs limit competitiveness. Non-tariff barriers, including sanitary, phytosanitary, and technical regulations, exhibit varied effects on exports, contingent on the economic approaches used in analyses, underscoring the need for more detailed product-specific analysis. The study underscores the necessity for strategic policies aiming to reduce tariffs and non-tariff barriers, enhance product quality, comply with sanitary and phytosanitary regulations, and invest in production standards. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of diversifying export destinations and exploring trade agreements to drive agricultural sector growth and contribute to the regional and national economy.


2022
Dissertations
1
  • MARCUS VINICIUS SARMENTO DE SOUZA
  • CRIMINALITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM BRAZIL FROM 1995 TO 2014

  • Advisor : ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • MARCO ANTONIO JORGE
  • Data: Jun 13, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This work aims to estimate the effects of crime on economic growth and brings as a contribution an approach to the economics of crime and its impact on economic activity. To do so, it uses a Pooled Mean Group approach to estimate the effects that crime and a set of economic variables have on Brazilian economic growth. The case study covers the period from 1995 to 2014. A causality test is used to establish temporal interrelationships. Empirical evidence shows that crime has a significant negative effect on growth. We also analyzed the regions and Northeast and Center-South also have negative effects of crime on growth. The national scenario shows a reduction of 0.0608% and 0.0624% for total homicides and homicides among young people, respectively, and the Northeast region has the greatest effect -0.3256%. In addition, we did a causality test and found temporal precedence of crime over economic growth.

2
  • REJANE SOARES DE OLIVEIRA
  • Commercialization of Recyclable Materials: The Case of Solidary Economic Enterprises in Alagoas

  • Advisor : ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ROGÉRIA MENDES DO NASCIMENTO
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • Data: Jul 22, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The generation of waste is linked to the advent of industrialization and population growth, which lead to constant increases in the level of production, consumption, exploration and the use of natural resources. Through recycling it is possible to return part of the waste to the production process, it is an activity that encompasses different aspects: for collectors it is a means of generating income and livelihood, for scrap collectors it is a business and for environmentalists a way to change the relationship with the environment. Cooperatives and associations carry out the selective collection process on the streets of the municipalities and inside the headquarters of the enterprises, the collectors carry out a process of segregation and improvement of recyclable material, giving the necessary inputs to the recycling value chain. The objective is to identify the main bottlenecks for the sale of recyclable material in solidary economic enterprises in the municipalities of Arapiraca, Coruripe, Maceió and Marechal Deodoro. The methodology used will have a qualitative and descriptive character through bibliographic survey and primary data collection.

3
  • LAYNE MARIELA DE SOUZA SANTOS CORDEIRO
  • BRAZIL: BLOCK IN POWER AND THE DESTATISATION POLICY IN THE PERIOD 1995-2010

  • Advisor : ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • JOSE ELESBÃO DE ALMEIDA
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • Data: Aug 31, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • The 1990s mark the rise of neoliberal ideology and the configuration of a power bloc in the Brazilian state under the hegemony of financial capital. This work aims to analyze the relationship between the power bloc and the privatization policy executed during the years 1995 and 2010. The main concepts about the role of the bloc in power in a capitalist state in a neoliberal economy will be presented, as well as a characterization of the composition of the bloc in power in force in the governments of Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and an analysis of the National Privatization Program (NPP) data referring to the companies and capitalist fractions purchasing the state enterprises in the governments of the two presidents. From the results obtained, we can conclude that there was a change in the relationship between the ruling bloc and the privatization policy executed in the governments of FHC and Lula, in addition to the great international industrial bourgeoisie, the great national industrial bourgeoisie and the great national and international banking bourgeoisie were the fractions of bourgeois class that were members of the bloc in the bloc that appropriated public assets through the privatizations of the electricity, financial and petrochemical sectors carried out through the NPP in the period.

4
  • SILVIA CARDOSO FERREIRA
  • ESSAYS ON EDUCATION IN ALAGOAS: AN ANALYSIS OF INEQUALITIES IN EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES AND SCHOOL LEAVING

  • Advisor : KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA CAROLINA DA CRUZ LIMA
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • Data: Oct 4, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • This dissertation is composed of two studies in economics of education that seek to contribute with new evidence on school dropout and inequality of educational opportunities for the state of Alagoas. The first study analyzes the determinants of school dropout in the state, for elementary and high school students. In this sense, data from the Censo Escolar regarding the student's situation not available for public consultation were used, in which they were obtained through the request to the Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais (INEP) for the year 2019, and for the empirical strategy the Multilevel Logistics Model was chosen. The results showed that factors such as the characteristics of students, classes and schools in which they are inserted, in addition to the region where they study, are decisive in the decision of students to leave school. Showing a greater relevance in high school, the variables that stood out for the chance of dropping out were age, race, grade, shift, type of school and the place where they study. Finally, the second study analyzes how family background variables explain the performance and inequality of educational opportunity for students in the 5th and 9th year of elementary school in public schools in the state of Alagoas. For this, data from the Censo Escolar and the Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) for the year 2019 were used and the Inequality of Opportunities Index (IOP) by Ferreira and Gignoux (2014) were applied.The results obtained point to a better performance in mathematics than in Portuguese, especially for 5th grade students. It was also verified the relevance of the set of childhood circumstances to determine the inequality of opportunity in the state, highlighting the failure of students, however, the participation of other groups to define this inequality is highlighted, such as the relationship between parents and children, cultural habits and school characteristics.

5
  • JULIANA CARLA DA SILVA SANTOS
  • CONTROVERSIES ABOUT THE APPLICATION OF MODERN MONETARY THEORY IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMY: THE CASE OF BRAZIL (1996-2020).

  • Advisor : REYNALDO RUBEM FERREIRA JUNIOR
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • REYNALDO RUBEM FERREIRA JUNIOR
  • ROGERIO SOBREIRA BEZERRA
  • SYLVIO ANTONIO KAPPES
  • Data: Nov 4, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  • Recently, the term Modern Monetary Theory, MMT (acronym in English), was rescued to show how sovereign governments do not face the same financial constraints as families and corporations to economic policy makers devise policies focused on welfare proposals social and environmental. MMT claims that it can be applied to all nations that issue their currency, regardless of their level of development, as long as that currency is demanded through the imposition of fiscal obligations. Since there is no consensus on this assertion in either the orthodox or heterodox fields, the purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical debate on the application of Modern Monetary Theory and the macroeconomic policy for developing countries such as Brazil. The contentious issues raise doubts about the appropriateness of MMT in developing countries. The main expected outcome of the study is to identify the scope and limitations (if any) of its application to the specific case of Brazil, as a first basis for understanding the path of modern money, the sectoral equilibrium approach and the MMT analysis logic. The work is a quantitative research with exploratory and analytical objectives, which will use the technical tools of bibliographic, documentary and survey research.

6
  • CARLOS EDUARDO BORGES DA SILVA
  • PERFORMANCE OF BANANA AND GRAPE EXPORTS IN THE BRAZILIAN NORTHEAST AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN THE PERIOD FROM 1997 TO 2021

  • Advisor : CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • JOSIANE SOUZA DE PAULA
  • PEDRO HENRIQUE SOARES LEIVAS
  • Data: Dec 28, 2022


  • Show Abstract
  •  

    In 2021, the total value exported by Brazil in fruit was US$ 1.06 billion, with the Brazilian Northeast responsible for US$ 780 million of this value, representing a considerable share of exports, placing the region as the main exporter in the country. The first four Brazilian states in the national ranking of fruit exports are: Pernambuco, Bahia, Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte. Among the fruits produced in the region, bananas and grapes stand out. The objective of this work is to analyze the performance and identify the determinants of Northeastern exports of grape and banana fruits. For this purpose, the gravitational model of trade was used as the basis for the estimates using PPML (Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood) and GLS (Generalized Least Square), for a better treatment of heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. The results were consistent with those found in the literature, in which trade flows for both fruits are directly related to attraction variables and inversely to repulsion. The econometric model showed that variables representing the “size” of the country, such as the HDI and the partner's population, are mainly responsible for banana exports, while for grapes, the partner's GDP and the partner's participation in the world market are more decisive. For the “repulsion” variables, the distance stood out for both fruits. In addition, it was found that the destination of exports is important for understanding Northeastern exports through the “locality dummy”, which shows greater difficulty in entering markets with greater quality requirements.


2021
Dissertations
1
  • MOISES DOS SANTOS ROCHA
  • Effects of Socioeconomic Indicators on the Quality of Participatory Political Institutions: a study using a panel of countries from 1960 to 2018

  • Advisor : ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • KLEBSON HUMBERTO DE LUCENA MOURA
  • Data: Feb 1, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • The theory of democratization by redistribution proposed by Acemoglu and Robinson (2000, 2001, 2006) predicts that the probability of instability of political regimes is greater in periods associated with greater inequality, this hypothesis is critical to the literature that defends a positive relationship between the per capita income and the probability of democratization, highlighted, Lipset (1959) and its modernization trend. In this dissertation, we focus on the discussions of Acemoglu and Robinson (2000, 2001, 2006), which has a close relationship with North's institutional theory (1994), and we have as a general objective to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic inequality and quality of participatory political institutions, and specific objectives: (i) to analyze the theory of democratization by redistribution, aiming at the role of inequality in its dynamics; and (ii) empirically verify the effects of socioeconomic measures on the quality of participatory political institutions. The main econometric method used is the system generalized method of moments (ARELLANO; BOVER, 1995 and BLUNDELL; BOND, 1998) in a sample of 160 countries from 1960 to 2018. We highlight as the main result that the infant mortality rate, used as a health proxy, it had a negative and significant effect on the quality of participatory political institutions in most estimates, even in robustness tests, and in particular, in a subsample of countries with political regime instability, which may indicate that wide inequalities and inequalities, as suggested by Sen (1999) and Deaton (2002, 2003), perceived by citizens can contribute to the consolidation and qualities of democratic regimes.

2
  • JEFFERSON DOGLAS DA SILVA PEREIRA
  • WAGE DIFFERENTIALS IN BRAZIL: THE IMPORTANCE OF AGGREGATION ECONOMIES AND SPATIAL SORTING OF WORKERS AND FIRMS

  • Advisor : KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ADELSON SANTOS DA SILVA
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • KEULER HISSA TEIXEIRA
  • RAUL DA MOTA SILVEIRA NETO
  • Data: Feb 17, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • The spatial interaction between economic agents in the Brazilian labor market can result in increases in productivity for both firms and workers, increasing their revenues. Given the greater availability of paired worker-firm microdata, as the data used in this study, extracted from the RAIS (2010-2018), it is possible to advance in the control of unobserved heterogeneities of both workers and firms. There is a consensus in the literature that the spatial sorting of workers and firms is an important source of explanation for wage differentials. The objective of this study is to measure the effects of agglomeration economies on individual wages in the formal Brazilian labor market from 2010 to 2018, controlling the effects of the spatial sorting of workers and firms, and the match worker-firm on wages. In this sense, this dissertation aims to control these possible sources of bias in estimating agglomeration effects on wages. In addition, this dissertation seeks to control the bias resulting from the match worker-firm in the local labor market areas. In view of the great regional disparities in Brazil, this study also aims to analyze how the effects of agglomeration economies on wages behave among Brazilian regions and among different sizes of Labor Market Areas (LMA), thus providing evidence that can assist in the strategic planning of public policies directed to the labor market. Based on a panel data structure that follows the worker over the period from 2010 to 2018, this study uses panel data models that allow estimates for multiple fixed effects. Besides, this study used the method of estimation by instrumental variables to control the possible endogeneity between employment density and wages. The results found in the main model of this study point to a net effect of agglomeration economies on wages of around 1.69%. In addition, the results provide unprecedented evidence of the impact of agglomeration economies in the wages determination wages in each of the Brazilian regions and in each size of the local labor market areas. In general, the results found in this dissertation point to the relevance of the spatial sorting of workers and firms and of the match worker-firm in determining LMA wages in Brazil.

3
  • JAILSON RODRIGUES
  • EFFECT OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY ON GROWTH ECONOMIC AND ITS DETERMINANTS: EVIDENCE FOR MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES

  • Advisor : ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • GABRIELITO RAUTER MENEZES
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • Data: Mar 1, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • This work has two main objectives. First, we intend to analyze the role of Total Factor Productivity (PTF) in economic growth, looking at a particular case of a middle-income country, Brazil, over more than 50 years, from the application of the decomposition technique growth. The results are consistent with the extensive literature, suggesting that Brazilian PTF is heading towards closing four decades of stagnation. In this case, the contribution occurs in order to bring an update of the PTF estimates, exploring three specifications of the production function: without human capital, with human capital and considering the variables in terms of hours worked. Second, the intention is to analyze the impact of macroeconomic factors, technology transfer and institutional factors on TFP for a sample of 54 middle-income countries. To this end, we opted forSystem GMM (ARELLANO; BOVER, 1995; BLUNDELL; BOND, 1998) as an estimation method, in order to control the endogeneity problem. There is evidence that inflation negatively affects TFP and that more open economies have higher levels of TFP. From the point of view of institutional factors, regulatory quality was the only factor that contributed to increase aggregate productivity. The main contribution of this part is to direct the analysis of the determinants of aggregate productivity to middle-income countries, including these results may provide clues about potential reforms and policies that allow greater gains in productive efficiency.

4
  • ANDRIANO NAZARE CORDEIRO
  • GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: PANEL DATA FROM 1996 TO 2015

  • Advisor : CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • CLÉSIO LOURENÇO XAVIER
  • Data: Apr 9, 2021


  • Show Abstract
  • A new way of producing and internationally selling starts since the end of the 20th century with the intensification of globalization, characterized by Global Value Chains (CGVs), which in turn intensified international competition between countries, making gradually more complex relations. The aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the impact of participation in GVCs on economic growth, considering a sample of 63 countries, including developed and developing economies for the period from 1996 to 2015. To meet the general aim, we use an econometric methodology of panel data in its static forms, pooled OLS, fixed and random effects and by the dynamic form with Difference GMM and System GMM evaluation. The main contribution of the work to the literature is to estimate a data model in a static and dynamic panel for this period, using two global input-product matrices - the Trade in Value Added (2016 and 2018), from WTO/OECD. First, in relation to a descriptive analysis of the indicators, we found that on average, economies are increasingly integrating into GVCs, with growth rates of the gvcpart index practically throughout the period. Secondly, the econometric results show that participation in CGVs is only relevant for the economic growth when the countries participate in the generation of value added. Therefore, it is not enough just to participate in CGVs, it is increasingly important to participate as an exporter of intermediaries and not only as a mere assembler from the import of foreign content. Ultimately, we the secondary hypothesis of the work in relation to the importance of forward positioning in GVCs associated with the technological content of the sectors: as countries specialized in upstream activities in high technology, they tend to obtain more benefits in terms of economic growth than countries located upstream in primary and low-tech sectors.

2020
Dissertations
1
  • MOISÉS VINÍCIUS CARDOSO DOS SANTOS ORDÔNIO
  • BRASIL E CHINA NO MUNDO 4.0: UMA VISÃO A PARTIR DA TEORIA DA COMPLEXIDADE

     

  • Advisor : REYNALDO RUBEM FERREIRA JUNIOR
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ARAKEN ALVES DE LIMA
  • FRANCISCO JOSE PEIXOTO ROSARIO
  • REYNALDO RUBEM FERREIRA JUNIOR
  • Data: Jul 22, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • Sempre se discutiu a importância do setor industrial para o desenvolvimento econômico. A teoria da complexidade fornece boas explicações da relevância do setor industrial para a melhoria dos indicies econômicos e socias dos países. Nesse sentido, ter um setor industrial forte e pujante é condição indispensável se o objetivo do país for o aumento da renda Per capita, redução das desigualdades socias, bem como, a melhoria da qualidade de vida de todo um povo. Entretanto, discutir indústria no momento atual é discutir também as transformações que estão acontecendo nesse setor, ou seja, é emergente discutir indústria 4.0, independentemente da concepção desta ser ou não uma revolução industrial. Portanto,  esse trabalho tem por objetivo problematizar a relação entre indústria  4.0 e geração de complexidade econômica, assim como, investigar as trajetórias seguidas  por Brasil e China em termos industrias, comparando por último os dois países, tanto em termos de dados disponíveis acerca dessa temática, quanto os respectivos programas de modernização industrial que ambos os países procuram implementar em suas economias.

2
  • MIRABEL SILVA DOS SANTOS
  • BRASIL: A ESTRATÉGIA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO EM INFRAESTRUTURA NO PERÍODO 2003-2014

  • Advisor : ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • MARLENE GRADE
  • Data: Jul 28, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal discutir a importância dos investimentos em infraestrutura no impulso para o crescimento econômico interno do Brasil, no período compreendido entre 2003 e 2014. Vale ressaltar que o presente estudo focará sua atenção nos setores de transporte, recursos hídricos, saneamento, habitação e energia. A metodologia utilizada ao longo da pesquisa inclui uma investigação teórico-bibliográfica e qualitativa. Esta, por sua vez, envolve revisão bibliográfica, coleta de dados e índices e interpretação das informações levantadas. Este trabalho será dividido em três capítulos, nos quais pretende-se avaliar se os investimentos realizados pelo governo federal em infraestrutura obtiveram êxito e realmente impactaram o desenvolvimento do país. As considerações finais apresentarão os resultados das análises e informações coletadas. Observou-se, ao concluir este estudo, que as aplicações nos setores de infraestrutura aqui levados em consideração destacaram-se a partir da última década, criando um paradoxo interessante com o período que vai de 1980 a 2000, quando os investimentos eram quase nulos. Além disso, pode-se afirmar que, apesar de todos os pontos positivos dos programas governamentais no que concerne à infraestrutura, nenhum deles foi capaz de sanar em definitivo e por completo alguns dos maiores problemas do país, como a pobreza e a desigualdade social. O Brasil ainda precisa avançar em setores importante, como o de energia e de saneamento, e aproveitar a capacidade total de seus recursos. Esse objetivo, como essa pesquisa concluiu, só será alcançado a partir de aplicações significativas na infraestrutura, que tanto influencia na economia e na qualidade de vida dos brasileiros.

3
  • BÁRBARA RAYSSA DE LIMA SIQUEIRA
  • EFFECTS OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE NORTHEAST REGION: EVIDENCE BASED ON A SPATIAL PANEL

  • Advisor : ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • PEDRO HENRIQUE SOARES LEIVAS
  • Data: Jul 31, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This work aims to understand how socioeconomic development is distributed from a regional perspective with widely used indicators, notably using health and education determinants, drawing attention to the possible spatial effects resulting from this distribution. The main objective of this research is to examine the effect of education on health in Northeastern Brazil by using a spatial panel model of municipal data based on data from Atlas do Disinvolvement from the last three population censuses (1991, 2000 and 2010). This dissertation aims to contribute as a basis for future works by focusing on the analysis of the Northeast region, through a spatial panel. The results show that education is significant both through its measurement of the illiteracy rate and also by the expectation of years of study, which is a robust result, obtained from the analysis of the three health indicators: life expectancy at birth, infant mortality rate, and rate of childhood mortality. The spatial panel model, mainly for the variable of expectation of years of study on mortality rates, has a significant spillover effect, confirming the hypothesis raised in this study. Thus, educational policies are important, especially taking into account the regional and spatial issues; in this case, this possible integration may be important in the search for designs and implementation of public policies.

4
  • JOSAFÁ DE FRANÇA VERÇOSA
  • REDISCUTING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FROM THE NEW DEVELOPMENTAL VIEW. Searching for a new paradigm.

  • Advisor : ANDRE MAIA GOMES LAGES
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANDRE MAIA GOMES LAGES
  • VERONICA NASCIMENTO BRITO ANTUNES
  • ELMER NASCIMENTO MATOS
  • Data: Aug 14, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • This work seeks to make a brief analysis of some of the main theories of economic thought that are more focused on the focus of development and their respective models of economic growth and development. To this end, it asks whether it would be the most appropriate economic growth / development model. Therefore, having as main focus the new developmentalist web. And yet, we try to ask the following question: does the proposal of the new developmental theory, in fact, innovate in relation to the others? Therefore, the objective was to investigate whether, in fact, the new developmental theory represents a new paradigm for economic development, that is, whether its proposals really represent something new. In addition, check if your proposals have an empirical basis, with Brazil as the country of analysis. In this work, a brief analysis of the history of economic development was developed in the first moment, followed by a demonstration of some models of economic growth and part of the classical economic thought of development, in the second chapter. It follows with an exposition of the new developmental theory and some counterpoints to it. In the fourth part is inserted the methodology of the work in which it was performed through bibliographical and documentary analysis and through analysis of empirical data. In the fifth part it brings the results in which some of the main ideas of the new developmental theory are confirmed, as for example, that the exchange rate remained very appreciated in the long run. Which in turn caused significant losses for the Brazilian industry. In addition to demonstrating some of the main differences between the theoretical models under analysis. Thus, through a brief historical analysis it is demonstrated that it cannot be said that the new developmentalism does not represent a paradigm break. Thus, it is concluded that the main proposals of the new developmentalism remain coherent with regard to some of the empirical analyzes that were carried out in this work. However, as it is still in the process of empirical review, it does not yet represent a paradigm break.

5
  • SAMUEL SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA
  • BRAZIL AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE GLOBAL CHAINS OF VALUE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE PERIOD 2005-2016

  • Advisor : CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • CAMILA DO CARMO HERMIDA
  • ANDERSON MOREIRA ARISTIDES DOS SANTOS
  • CLÉSIO LOURENÇO XAVIER
  • Data: Aug 21, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • The aim of the dissertation is to analyze comparatively the trade flows of Brazil and the United States in the light of the Global Value Chains (GVC) in the recent period (2005-2016). The main contribution is mainly in the methodology of the bilateral trade analysis between the countries, which includes, in addition to international raw trade data, value added indicators from the global input-output matrix Trade of Value Added (TiVA), which becomes more appropriate in the context of the international fragmentation of production. The main results reinforce in the recent period the international trade pattern established for Brazil and the United States, respectively, due to a greater presence of primary and manufactured products in their export baskets and due to, respectively, a trend of concentration versus diversification of the basket. The two countries showed a similar participation profile in GVC - both exhibited an upstream positioning, with greater forward participation than backward throughout the period analyzed. However, sectorally it reveals that the sectors involved by these larger upstream holdings are not the same, they are differentiated by the technological profile of the two countries at GVC. An analysis of bilateral trade between them showed a loss of relevance to the role of the USA, not only as a destination for Brazilian exports, but also as a source of imports. Within the scope of the GVC, we verify that Brazil are more dependent on the value added from the United States to participate in the GVC that they are inverse. In addition, a bilateral Brazil-US relationship in the light of productive globalization that does not allow a higher approximation between these economies, so that the trade between them is more based on traditional molds (final goods) than on CGV. Finally, the growth of the importance of the Transport Equipment industry in bilateral trade between countries within the scope of CGV was highlighted.

6
  • LEANDRO DE ANDRADE CARVALHO
  • Análise do processo de construção e desconstrução das garantias laborais do Brasil: do modelo protetivo dos anos 1930 até a reforma trabalhista de 2017

  • Advisor : CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
  • ANA MARIA RITA MILANI
  • CID OLIVAL FEITOSA
  • FLAVIO LUIZ DA COSTA
  • RICARDO OLIVEIRA LACERDA DE MELO
  • Data: Oct 30, 2020


  • Show Abstract
  • Garantias laborais são indissociáveis das políticas de desenvolvimento. Se os anos 1930 marcam o início da industrialização e a formação do mercado consumidor interno no Brasil, todo o arcabouço de valorização do trabalho construído no período reflete o modelo que perdurou por cinquenta anos. Com o seu esgotamento, flexibilização e precarização do trabalho serão introduzidas, a partir dos anos 1990, como resposta neoliberal de retirada do Estado da economia e das relações entre patrões e empregados. Essas políticas serão abrandadas durante os quinze primeiros anos do século XXI que não se configuram como ponto de inflexão, mas pontuam vitórias simbólicas para os trabalhadores. O período antecede nova retomada conservadora, ainda mais voraz em direitos trabalhistas, que culminou na reforma trabalhista de 2017. Diante deste quadro, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as principais transformações no mundo do trabalhoentre o período de 1930 a 2017. Para isso, será feita uma ampla revisão da literatura e utilização de dados secundários sobre o mercado de trabalho brasileiro, no período citado, bem como uma análise das principais mudanças na legislação trabalhista brasileria e como isto impacta no desenvolvimento econômico do país. Ao final, espera-se comprovar nossa hipótese de que a reforma trabalhista de 2017 faz um resgate das políticas implementadas nos anos 1990, com prejuízos ainda maiores para a classe trabalhadora.

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