The environmentalanalysisofthe Riacho Talhada watershed in Sertão de Alagoas aimstoidentifyandunderstandthemainchallengesandenvironmentalimpactsthataffectthis region. Some authors, such as Oliveira et al. (2012), saysthat “themainenvironmentalvulnerabilitiesoftheBraziliansemi-aridregion are erosion, theprocessofdesertification, theinadequateoccupationof natural areas, thelossofbiologicaldiversity, andthescarcityofwater". survey, severalstudiesandresearchesthataddressthethemewereused. 2001). Studies point out thatthehydrographicbasin faces seriousenvironmentalproblems, theinappropriate use ofthesoil, associatedwiththelackofenvironmentalpreservation policies, contributestothedegradationprocessofthehydrographicbasin. talalhada-AL faces significantchallenges in termsofenvironmentalconservation.Itisessentialthatprotectionandrecoverymeasures are implemented, such as the establishment ofpermanentpreservationareas, theregularizationofland use andthedevelopmentof policies for thesustainable management of natural resources.